A typology of fisheries management tools: using experience to catalyse greater success |
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| Authors: | Elizabeth R Selig Oren Ahoobim Freddy Arocha Annabelle Cruz‐Trinidad Rod Fujita Mafaniso Hara Laure Katz Patrick McConney Blake D Ratner Lina M Saavedra‐Díaz Anne‐Maree Schwarz Djiga Thiao Elin Torell Sebastian Troëng Sebastian Villasante |
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| Institution: | 1. Betty and Gordon Moore Center for Science and Oceans, Conservation International, Arlington, VA, USAAuthors contributed equally to this work.;2. Dalberg Global Development Advisors, New York, NY, USA;3. Department of Fishery Biology, Instituto Oceanográfico de Venezuela, Universidad de Oriente, Cumaná, Venezuela;4. FishBase Information and Research Group, Inc. (FIN), Los Ba?os, Laguna, Philippines;5. Environmental Defense Fund, San Francisco, CA, USA;6. Institute for Poverty, Land and Agrarian Studies (PLAAS), University of the Western Cape, Bellville, South Africa;7. Betty and Gordon Moore Center for Science and Oceans, Conservation International, Arlington, VA, USA;8. Centre for Resource Management and Environmental Studies, The University of the West Indies, Cave Hill, Barbados;9. WorldFish, Bayan Lepas, Penang, Malaysia;10. Department of Biology, Universidad del Magdalena, Santa Marta – Magdalena, Colombia;11. WorldFish, Honiara, Solomon Islands;12. Centre de Recherches Océanographiques de Dakar‐Thiaroye, Dakar, Senegal;13. Coastal Resources Center, University of Rhode Island, Narragansett, RI, USA;14. Department of Biology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden;15. Faculty of Political and Social Sciences, University of Santiago de Compostela, A Coru?a, Spain;16. Natural Capital Project, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA |
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| Abstract: | Fisheries provide nutrition and livelihoods for coastal populations, but many fisheries are fully or over‐exploited and we lack an approach for analysing which factors affect management tool performance. We conducted a literature review of 390 studies to assess how fisheries characteristics affected management tool performance across both small‐scale and large‐scale fisheries. We defined success as increased or maintained abundance or biomass, reductions in fishing mortality or improvements in population status. Because the literature only covered a narrow set of biological factors, we also conducted an expert elicitation to create a typology of broader fishery characteristics, enabling conditions and design considerations that affect performance. The literature suggested that the most commonly used management tool in a region was often the most successful, although the scale of success varied. Management tools were more often deemed successful when used in combination, particularly pairings of tools that controlled fishing mortality or effort with spatial management. Examples of successful combinations were the use of catch limits with quotas and limited entry, and marine protected areas with effort restrictions. The most common factors associated with inadequate biological performance were ‘structural’ issues, including poor design or implementation. The expert‐derived typologies revealed strong local leadership, high community involvement and governance capacity as common factors of success across management tool categories (i.e. input, output and technical measures), but the degree of importance varied. Our results are designed to inform selection of appropriate management tools based on empirical data and experience to increase the likelihood of successful fisheries management. |
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| Keywords: | Fisheries management input controls management effectiveness output controls small‐scale fisheries spatial management |
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