Impact of topography on cross-pollination in maize (Zea mays L.) |
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| Authors: | Andr Vogler Henri Eisenbeiss Ingrid Aulinger-Leipner Peter Stamp |
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| Institution: | aETH Zurich, Institute of Plant Sciences, Universitätstrasse 2, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland;bETH Zurich, Institute of Geodesy and Photogrammetry, Wolfgang-Pauli-Str. 15, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland |
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| Abstract: | Understanding cross-pollination is important to achieve the coexistence of genetically modified (GM) and conventional maize (Zea mays L.); it is still not known whether topography favors or hinders cross-pollination. In 2005 and 2006, the effect of gradients of 3.4–6.8° on cross-pollination was investigated in the canton of Zurich, Switzerland. Cross-pollination was revealed by the presence of yellow-grains on a white-grain hybrid at distances up to 17.5 m from the yellow-grain pollen donor hybrid. The measurements of the inclination of the slope were based on aerial images data taken by an unmanned GPS/INS (Global Positioning System/Inertial Navigation System)-based and stabilized model helicopter, which delivered precise altitude-based data for sampling points at tassel height.The rate of cross-pollination increased significantly with decreasing altitude of the receptor field (r = 0.36–0.64). However, the effect seems to be weaker than that of other factors like wind direction and velocity. |
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| Keywords: | Cross-pollination Maize Inclination Topography Coexistence GIS Unmanned aerial vehicle Photogrammetry |
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