| 长江重庆段干流与主要支流鱼类分布的比较分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 何滔,黎学练,郑永华,刘建虎.长江重庆段干流与主要支流鱼类分布的比较分析[J].淡水渔业,2016(3):47-51. |
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| 作者姓名： | 何滔 黎学练 郑永华 刘建虎 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 西南大学动物科技学院,重庆北碚,400715;2. 重庆市开县水产技术推广站,重庆开县,405400 |
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| 基金项目： | 重庆市渔政渔港监督管理处“长江重庆段重要河流生态系统完整性调查”项目 |
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| 摘 要： | 对长江重庆段干流与8条主要支流的鱼类组成及主要生境进行了调查,并做了对比分析。结果显示:嘉陵江、乌江、綦河、小江、大宁河与长江干流的类似性系数(AFR值)大于80%,为共同区系关系,其中嘉陵江与干流的类似性系数最高。各支流与干流鱼类组成(包括鱼类种类总数、长江上游特有、珍稀、濒危鱼类数)的共有比例各有差异,其中嘉陵江最高,五布河最低。各支流的产卵场数较干流少,但都是以粘性卵产卵场为主,漂流性卵产卵场比例很低。其中,梅溪河没有发现漂流性卵产场,而五布河内漂流性卵产场和粘性卵产场均没有发现。各主要支流洄游通道最长的是小江,为146.5 km,最短的是五布河,仅19 km。河口流量最大的是嘉陵江,为2 100 m~3/s,最小的是五布河,为7.74 m~3/s。综合比较8条支流的鱼类分布情况,嘉陵江是最适宜作为长江重庆段干流替代生境的支流。
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| 关 键 词： | 长江重庆段 干流 支流 鱼类分布 |
Comparative analysis of fish distribution between main stream and tributaries in Chongqing district of the Yangtze River |
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| Abstract: | Fish community and habitats in the main stream and 8 tributaries in Chongqing district of the Yangtze River were investigated. By analyzing the AFR ( average faunal resemblance) values, it was found that the fish fauna, between Jia-ling, Wu, Qi, Xiao, Da-ning and Main stream, was common. The common ratio of fish composition ( total species, rare and special fishes) was different among the tributaries, and the ratio of Jia-ling and Wu-bu River was the highest and the lowest respectively, compared with the Yangtze River. The main stream had more spawning grounds than tributaries, and most of fish spawned the sticky eggs. The migration channel in Xiao River was the longest (146. 5 km), and that in Wu-bu River was the shortest (19 km), among the 8 tributaries. The water flow rate in Jia-ling River is highest (2100 m3/s), and the rate of Wu-bu River was the lowest (7. 74 m3/s). By analyzing the fish distribution of 8 tributaries, it was indicated that Jia-ling River can be used as the best substitute habitat of the mainstream of the Yangtze River in Chongqing. |
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| Keywords: | Chongqing of Yangtze River main stream tributary fish distribution |
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