| 我国29种特有植物的杀虫活性初探 |
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| 引用本文： | 周利娟,黄继光,安玉兴,徐汉虹,杜晓英.我国29种特有植物的杀虫活性初探[J].植物保护学报,2006,33(1):87-91. |
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| 作者姓名： | 周利娟 黄继光 安玉兴 徐汉虹 杜晓英 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 华南农业大学农药与化学生物学教育部重点实验室,华南植物性农药研究中心,广州,510642
2. 广州市甘蔗糖业研究所,广州,510600 |
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| 摘 要： | 报道我国特有植物华蟹甲草、秃杉、黄花鸡爪草、大血藤、血水草、崖白菜和七叶一枝花的杀虫活性。5种特有植物甲醇提取物对家蝇48h的致死率均在70％以上，华蟹甲草93．10％、银杏（果）85．71％、七叶一枝花82．76％、黄花鸡爪草79．31％和秃杉（茎）71．03％。血水草和崖白菜对亚洲玉米螟3龄幼虫48h的拒食率分别为52．8l％和62．88％，经大血藤、血水草和崖白菜处理后，亚洲玉米螟还出现化蛹延迟的现象。所筛选的特有植物对赤拟谷盗种群的毒杀作用和繁殖抑制作用较低，其中毒杀作用最好的为七叶一枝花，处理后30天赤拟谷盗的死亡率也仅为25．80％。繁殖抑制率最强的为八角莲（根），处理后60天繁殖抑制率为39．42％。以甲醇冷浸提取法对所采集的特有植物材料的提取率分布在1．54％～16．12％之间。
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| 关 键 词： | 特有植物 杀虫活性 |
| 收稿时间： | 2005-09-20 |
| 修稿时间： | 2005年9月20日 |
Preliminary studies on insecticidal activities of twenty nine species of Chinese indigenous plants |
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| ZHOU Li-juan,HUANG Ji-guang,AN Yu-xing,XU Han-hong and DU Xiao-ying.Preliminary studies on insecticidal activities of twenty nine species of Chinese indigenous plants[J].Acta Phytophylacica Sinica,2006,33(1):87-91. |
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| Authors: | ZHOU Li-juan HUANG Ji-guang AN Yu-xing XU Han-hong and DU Xiao-ying |
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| Institution: | Key Lab of Pesticides & Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, and Lab of Insect Toxicology, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China;Key Lab of Pesticides & Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, and Lab of Insect Toxicology, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China;Guangzhou Institute of Sugar and Sugarcane, Guangzhou 510600, China;Key Lab of Pesticides & Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, and Lab of Insect Toxicology, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China;Key Lab of Pesticides & Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, and Lab of Insect Toxicology, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China |
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| Abstract: | Insecticidal activities of Chinese indigenous plants Sinacalia tangutica(Maxim.)B.Nord.,Taiwania flousiana Gaussen,Calathodes palmata Hook. F.et Thoms., Sargentodoxa cuneata (Oliv.) Rehd. et Wils., Eomecon chionantha Hance, Triaenophora rupestris (Hemsl.)Soler., and Paris polyphylla Smith were reported. Methanol extracts of five species showed toxicity against adult house flies with mortalities above 70% 48h after treatment(S.tangutica 93.10%,Ginkgo biloba L.(fruit)85.71%, P.polyphylla 82.76%, C.palmata 79.31% and T.flousiana (stem) 71.03%, respectively). The antifeedant rates of E.chionantha and T.rupestris against the third instar larvae of Ostrinia furnacalis Guenea 48h after treatment were 52.81% and 62.88%, respectively. Pupation delay of O.furnacalis was observed with treatment of S.cuneata, E.chionantha and T.rupestris. However, the tested plants showed weak toxicity and reproduction inhibition activity against Tribolium castaneum (L.), with the highest toxicity rate caused by P.polyphylla only being 25.80% 30 d after treatment, and the highest reproduction inhibition by Dysosma versipellis(Hance)M.Cheng(stem)being 39.42% 60 d after treatment.The methanol extraction rates of these plants varied from 1.54% to 16.12% by cold soaking method. |
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| Keywords: | Chinese indigenous plant insecticidal activity |
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