| 连作对花生生育的影响及其缓解措施研究 |
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| 作者姓名： | 刘美昌 郑亚萍 王才斌 吕 伟 张 娟 成 波 陈殿绪 吴正峰 |
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| 作者单位： | 日照市植保站 山东日照276800(刘美昌)，山东省花生研究所 山东青岛266100(郑亚萍，王才斌，成波，陈殿绪，吴正峰)，日照市东港区农业局 山东日照276821(吕伟，张娟) |
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| 摘 要： | 大田和盆栽条件下研究了连作对花生生育以及不同农艺措施对连作障碍的缓解效果,结果表明:(1)连作对花生生育的影响贯穿了整个生育期,并随生育期的推进而加重,因此缓解花生连作障碍措施的使用宜早不宜迟。(2)连作明显加重叶部病害的发病率,随连作年限的延长而加重。(3)不同品种对连作的适应性存在差异,普通型大花生适应性较好,珍珠豆型小花生适应性较差,中间性品种居中。(4)连作条件下在供试的4个单项强化农艺措施中,有机肥效果最好,较常规技术增产13.3%,随后依次为:加强叶部病害防治、使用生物菌剂和深耕,分别比常规技术增产7.8%、6.7%和4.8%。由上述4种单项措施组成的综合技术较常规技术增产24.3%,产量超过了轮作条件下使用常规技术的产量水平,证明综合技术对缓解花生连作障碍效果显著。但该产量低于轮作条件下使用该技术的产量,说明综合技术仍有改进的余地。
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| 关 键 词： | 花生 连作 生长发育 病害 品种 农艺措施 产量 |
Effect of Continuous Cropping on Peanut Growth and Development and Studies on Its Relief Method |
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| Authors: | Liu Meichang Zheng Yaping Wang Caibin Lv Wei Zhang Juan Cheng Bo Chen Dianxu Wu Zhengfeng |
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| Institution: | 1.Plant Protection Station of Rizhao, Rizhao 276800; 2.Shandong Peanut Research Institute, Qingdao 266100; 3.Donggang Agricultural Bureau of Rizhao, Rizhao 276821 |
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| Abstract: | Studies on effect of continuous cropping on peanut growth and development and different agricultural methods on relief of continuous cropping obstacles were carried out under field and pot trials. Results showed: (1) Effect of continuous cropping on peanut presented through the whole peanut growth period and became more serious as plant growth,so the relief methods should be adopted as early as possible. (2) Continuous cropping significantly aggravated the foliar diseases and made it heavier with the continuous cropping years increased. (3) Adaptability among peanut types was obvious to continuous cropping. Virginia type had good adaptability and following was Intermediate type, the last was Spanish type. (4) Among the four single adopted agricultural methods to relief the continuous cropping obstacles, organic manure had the best effect which made the yield increased by 13.3%, and followed by order were strengthening the control of foliar diseases, adoption of microbial bacteria and deep plough, which increased the yield by 7.8%, 6.7% and 4.8% respectively than normal techniques. The continuous cropped peanut yield under integrated method composed by the four single methods listed above was 24.3%, higher than that under normal techniques but lower than rotated peanut yield with the same integrated method, which showed that the integrated method has still certain potential to be improved. |
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| Keywords: | Peanut Continuous cropping Growth and development Leaf-disease Variety type Agricultural method Yield |
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