| 干旱区沙漠化土地治理与保护性耕作 |
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| 引用本文： | 马兴旺.干旱区沙漠化土地治理与保护性耕作[J].新疆农业科学,2004,41(3):138-142. |
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| 作者姓名： | 马兴旺 |
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| 作者单位： | 新疆农科院土壤肥料研究所,新疆乌鲁木齐,830000 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家"863"(2002AA6Z3201-6502)和农业部项目"发展生态农业治理沙漠化土地技术研究与示范" |
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| 摘 要： | 面对沙漠化土地"局部治理,总体恶化"的现状,探索新的沙漠化治理方法和手段是必要的。通过对干旱区土地沙漠化原因的分析,回顾了我国半个多世纪艰辛而伟大的防沙治沙历程,认为在沙漠化土地治理中存在着对沙漠和沙漠化概念的差别,在研究和实践领域没有达到广泛共识、沙漠化治理方针和措施有片面性等局限。对保护性耕作的起源和特点分析后,认为保护性耕作在干旱区沙漠化土地治理中能起到三个积极的作用:(1)减少土壤扰动、增加地表覆盖率,直接减少土壤风蚀、防治土壤沙化和沙尘暴。(2)培肥土壤,防治土壤退化和潜在的土地沙漠化。(3)降低生产成本,增加农民收益,使农民减少对天然植被的破坏。进一步提出建设干旱区保护性农业防治土地沙漠化的主张。
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| 关 键 词： | 沙漠化 保护性耕作 干旱区 沙尘暴 |
| 文章编号： | 1001-4330(2004)03-0138-05 |
| 修稿时间： | 2004年2月27日 |
Sandy Desertification Combating and Conservation Tillage in Arid Land |
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| Abstract: | The paper discussed reasons of sandy desertification in arid land, and reviewed the course of combating it in China. Then it concluded that there were three questions in the field of combating sandy desertification. They were fuzzy understanding between concepts of desert and sandy desertification land, incomplete directions and methods of combating sandy desertification. Furthermore, the paper analyzed origin and characters of conservation tillage. And it suggested that conservation tillage could prevent sandy desertification from three points. First is preventing sand-storm and dust-storm because of increasing land cover rate, second is preventing soil degradation for increasing soil fertility, the last is decreasing agricultural production cost and increasing farmer profit. At the end the paper proposed to develop conservation agriculture in arid land to combat sandy desertification. |
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| Keywords: | sand desertification conservation tillage arid land sand-storm and dust-storm |
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