Inbreeding depression in garden and glasshouse chrysanthemums: germination and survivorship |
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| Authors: | Neil O Anderson Peter D Ascher Richard E Widmer |
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| Institution: | (1) Department of Horticultural Science, University of Minnesota, 1970 Folwell Avenue, 55108 St. Paul, MN, USA |
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| Abstract: | Summary Sixty-six chrysanthemum (Dendranthema grandiflora) inbred selections, noninbred cultivars and hybrids, and D. makinoi were the base populations from which up to three generations of inbreds were obtained using multiple plant descent. Each parent possessed pseudo-self compatibility (PSC), which allowed seed set following self pollination. Rapid-generation cycling (laboratory seed ripening to heart stage and subsequent embryo rescue) reduced generation time and minimized confounding maternal with zygotic inbreeding depression during post heart-stage seed development. Selection criteria were male/female fertility and PSC. Two stages of the life cycle were chosen to evaluate inbreeding depression: germination (seed development to germination) and survivorship (fertile individuals at anthesis). PSC was environmentally interactive and genotype dependent, causing variable levels of self seed set between and within populations and generations. By the end of the second generation, families from all noninbred cultivars, D. makinoi, and one F1 hybrid were eliminated from the experiment due to self incompatibility and/or inbreeding depression. Post-germination inbreeding depression was severe in several advanced inbreds. Inbred progeny of most F1 or F2 hybrids expressed less or equal amounts of inbreeding depression compared to advanced inbreds. Linear regression coefficients for either germination or survivorship on percent homozygosity were negative. Correlation coefficients between percent germination and survivorship (as a percent of seed set) were highly significant for Minnesota inbreds (r=0.67, P 0.002) and hybrids (r=0.67, P0.006). The correlation coefficient was higher when percent germination and survivorship (as a percent of germinated seedlings) were compared (r=0.95, P0.001).Abbreviations F
Fisher's Coefficient of Inbreeding
- IBD
Inbreeding Depression
- PSC
Pseudo-self Compatibility
- RGC
Rapid Generation Cycle
- SI
Self Incompatibility |
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| Keywords: | Dendranthema grandiflora chrysanthemum hybrid seed development inbreeding depression pseudo-self compatibility rapid generation cycling recombinant inbreds self incompatibility |
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