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Perkinsus mediterraneus infection induces oxidative stress in the mollusc Mimachlamys varia
Authors:Antonio Box  Xavier Capó  Silvia Tejada  Antoni Sureda  Laia Mejías  José María Valencia
Institution:1. Department of Agricultura, Ramaderia, Pesca, Caça i Cooperació Municipal, Consell Insular d’Eivissa, Balearic Islands, Spain;2. Research Group on Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, IUNICS, University of Balearic Islands, Balearic Islands, Spain

Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Illes Balears (IdISBa), Palma de Mallorca, Spain;3. Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Illes Balears (IdISBa), Palma de Mallorca, Spain

Department of Biology, Laboratory of Neurophysiology, University of the Balearic Islands, Palma de Mallorca, Spain

CIBEROBN (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition), University of Balearic Islands, Palma de Mallorca, Spain;4. Research Group on Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, IUNICS, University of Balearic Islands, Balearic Islands, Spain;5. Laboratori d'Investigacions Marines i Aqüicultura, LIMIA-Govern de les Illes Balears, Port d'Andratx, Spain;6. Laboratori d'Investigacions Marines i Aqüicultura, LIMIA-Govern de les Illes Balears, Port d'Andratx, Spain

Instituto de Investigaciones Agroambientales y de Economía del Agua (INAGEA) (INIA-CAIB-UIB), Palma de Mallorca, Spain

Abstract:Perkinsus mediterraneus is a protozoan parasite that can cause marine mollusc diseases known as perkinsosis being a serious threat for clam cultures worldwide. The aim of the present study was first to determine the Perkinsus species infecting the variegated scallop Mimachlamys varia and then to evaluate the existence of oxidative stress in gills of M. varia according to different degrees of infection. DNA sequencing confirmed that P. mediterraneus was the species infecting M. varia. ROS production was progressively increasing with the degree of infection although the differences were only significant in the high-infected group. Low degree of infection significantly increased superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) activities and nitrite levels with respect to the control group. In the high-infected group, a significant increase was evidenced in all analysed enzymes, catalase, SOD, glutathione reductase and GST. Non-significant differences in MDA levels were observed between the control and low-infected groups; however, a significant increase in MDA levels was observed in the high-infected group. In conclusion, the infection by Perkinsus mediterraneus in M. varia induces oxidative stress and an antioxidant response directly related to the infection degree that can contribute to the pathogenicity of the infection.
Keywords:Balearic Islands  bivalves  oxidative stress  Perkinsus
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