Natural Genes and Mechanisms for Resistance to Viruses in Cultivated and Wild Potato Species (Solanum spp.) |
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| Authors: | Jari P T Vaikonen |
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| Institution: | Department of Plant Production, P.O. Box 27, Viikki, SF-00014 University of Helsinki, Finland. |
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| Abstract: | The types of resistance to viruses in potato are immunity, extreme resistance coded for by the R genes and hypersensitivity coded for by the N genes. Immunity prevents the establishment of virus infection, whereas extreme resistance is expressed as an extremely low virus titre resulting from restricted virus multiplication or localization of virus infection in the plant without obvious necrotic reactions. Expression of the N genes can also lead to localization of the virus infection followed by necrosis at the infection site. Tolerance to virus infection and resistance to inoculation and virus vectors are useful components of field resistance. Virus or virus strain specific resistance genes have been identified in cultivated and wild potato species and transferred to cultivated potato. However, combining resistance to the three globally most important viruses PLRV, PVY and PVX has proved difficult, and new sources of broad spectrum resistance to viruses are required for potato breeding. New molecular techniques will enhance the isolation of the natural resistance genes and studies of gene regulation. |
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| Keywords: | Solanum ssp virus resistance immunity extreme resistance hypersensitivity virus movement |
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