| 呼伦贝尔沙地风沙土粒径分布特征 |
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| 引用本文： | 陈宇轩,高广磊,张英,丁国栋,朴起亨,赵洋,王陇.呼伦贝尔沙地风沙土粒径分布特征[J].北京林业大学学报,2019,41(8):124-130. |
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| 作者姓名： | 陈宇轩 高广磊 张英 丁国栋 朴起亨 赵洋 王陇 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.北京林业大学水土保持国家林业和草原局重点实验室，北京 100083 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目（31600583），中央高校基本科研业务费专项（2017PT03、2015ZCQ-SB-02） |
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| 摘 要： | 目的土壤粒径分布可显著影响土壤风蚀强度，研究其变化特征，对阐明风沙运动过程及其影响因素具有重要意义。方法以呼伦贝尔沙地流动、半固定和固定沙丘表层风沙土为研究对象，采用激光衍射技术测定土壤粒径分布，计算分析不同类型沙丘风沙土粒度组成、粒度参数和粒配曲线。结果研究结果显示:（1）呼伦贝尔沙地表层风沙土以砂粒为主，其含量可达60% ~ 80%，黏粒与粉粒含量较少。随沙丘的固定，土壤黏粒、粉粒与极细砂含量显著增加（P < 0.05），细砂、中砂与粗砂含量显著减少（P < 0.05），极粗砂含量无显著变化（P > 0.05）。（2）沙地土壤平均粒径较粗，分选性较差，粒度分布较集中，偏度情况为极正偏，峰度值为尖窄，分形维数介于2.25 ~ 2.49之间。随沙丘的固定，风沙土粒度组成不断细化，粒径分布的对称性与均匀程度不断优化，分形维数不断增大。（3）沙地不同类型沙丘的土壤粒度频率分布曲线均具有唯一峰值。流动沙丘跃移与蠕移组分的分选性较好；固定沙丘悬移组分的分选性较好。随沙丘的固定，在组分之间过渡时，土壤颗粒变化的剧烈程度不断降低。结论呼伦贝尔沙地不同类型沙丘风沙土粒径分布特征差异显著，研究结果反映了风沙土粒径分布随沙丘固定的变化特征，可为呼伦贝尔沙地土地沙漠化防治提供理论支撑。
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| 关 键 词： | 呼伦贝尔沙地 风沙土 沙丘类型 粒度参数 粒配曲线 |
| 收稿时间： | 2018-10-25 |
Particle size distribution of aeolian soils in Hulun Buir Sandy Land,Inner Mongolia of northern China |
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| Institution: | 1.Key Laboratory of State Forestry and Grassland Administration on Soil and Water Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China2.Yanchi Research Station, School of Soil and Water Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China3.Forest Conservation Department, National Institute of Forest Science, Seoul 02445, Republic of Korea |
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| Abstract: | ObjectiveSoil particle size distribution (PSD) significantly affects the intensity of wind erosion. Revealing the changing characteristics of PSD is of great significance for clarifying the migratory process of aeolian sand and its influencing factors. Method Aeolian topsoil samples of mobile, semi-fixed and fixed sand dunes were selected in Hulun Buir Sandy Land, Inner Mongolia of northern China, and PSD was identified by laser diffraction technique. Soil particle size composition, parameters and grading curve of different sand dune types were calculated and analyzed. Result The results indicated that: (1) the majority soil particle size in Hulun Buir Sandy Land was occupied by sand particles accounting for 60%?80% of the total volume, while the proportions of clay and silt were much less. During sand dune fixation, clay, silt and extreme fine sand continue to increase significantly (P < 0.05), while fine, medium and coarse sand continue to decrease significantly (P < 0.05). The content of very coarse sand had no significant change (P > 0.05). (2) Soil PSD is comparatively centralized, reflecting a poor sorting, very positive skewness and sharp kurtosis. The fractal dimension of soil PSD increased progressively in range of 2.25?2.49. As the sand dune fixation, the particle size composition was continuously refined, indicating the continuous optimization of the PSD’s symmetry and uniformity. (3) Each frequency curve corresponding to different types of sand dunes had a unique peak. The sorting of soil jump and creep component was more optimized in mobile sand dunes, while the sorting of soil suspend component was more optimized in fixed sand dunes. During the fixation, the intensity of changes in soil particle decreased continuously as the transition occurred between different components. Conclusion The characteristics of soil PSD varied significantly between different sand dune types in Hulun Buir Sandy Land. This study reveals the variation characteristics of soil PSD during sand dune fixation, and will contribute to the theoretical support desertification control in Hulun Buir Sandy Land. |
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