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| 不同耕播期对杂草控制及土壤残留农药的影响 | |
| 引用本文： | 辛存岳,郭青云,许建业,耿贵工,徐有庆,魏有海,郭良芝,翁 华,程 亮.不同耕播期对杂草控制及土壤残留农药的影响[J].中国农学通报,2008,24(7):175-180. |
| 作者姓名： | 辛存岳 郭青云 许建业 耿贵工 徐有庆 魏有海 郭良芝 翁 华 程 亮 |
| 作者单位： | 1. 青海省农林科学院,西宁,810016 2. 青海省海南州农科所,共和,813000 3. 青海省乐都县李家乡农科站,乐都,810700 |
| 摘 要： | 【研究目的】为了控制农田杂草，加速土壤残留农药降解，生产无公害农产品是非常重要的。【方法】对于残效农药长期使用的地区，可以采用连续2~3年秋收浅耕、翌年春播时早浅耕晚播种或直接晚耕播种三种措施，来研究杂草的控制效果。通过取样测量作物幼根长和鲜重，分析这三种措施对土壤残留农药的削减程度。【结果】研究结果表明：氟乐灵在油菜田长期使用时，土壤残留农药抑制下茬青稞幼根生长，幼根较对照株缩短3.0~3.1cm/株，鲜重量减少0.19~0.20g/株；甲磺隆在青稞田长期使用时，下茬油菜幼根较对照株缩短1.9~2.0cm/株，鲜重量减少0.13~0.14g/株；秋收后及时浅耕可将落入地表的杂草种子全耙入0~10cm耕层内；翌年春播早浅耕可诱发土壤表层的杂草种子提前萌发出苗，10d后耕种，能防除40%左右的杂草株数；较正常播种期推迟10d后直接晚耕播种，可防除30%左右杂草株数；苗期或后期拔（捋）出残余杂草种子时，除草效果理想，对下茬作物幼苗生长发育及产量无任何不良影响。【结论】在长残效农药长期使用地区进行2~3年秋收浅耕及不同耕播期加人工锄草，能有效控制农田杂草的危害，不污染农田土壤和生活环境，且加速对土壤残留农药的降解。 |
| 关 键 词： | 沿海滩涂 沿海滩涂 生物质能源 耐盐植物资源 |
| 收稿时间： | 2008-04-17 |
| 修稿时间： | 2008-05-05 |
Effects on Weed Control and Soil Rudimental Pesticide by Different Tillage-sow Period |
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| Xin Cunyue,Guo Qingyun,Xu Jianye,Geng Guigong,Xu Youqing,Wei Youhai,Guo Liangzhi,Weng Hu,Cheng Liang.Effects on Weed Control and Soil Rudimental Pesticide by Different Tillage-sow Period[J].Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin,2008,24(7):175-180. | |
| Authors: | Xin Cunyue Guo Qingyun Xu Jianye Geng Guigong Xu Youqing Wei Youhai Guo Liangzhi Weng Hu Cheng Liang |
| Institution: | 1Institute of Plant Protection, Qinghai Academy of Agriculture and Forestry, Xining, 810016; 2Agriculture & Technology College, Hainan county in Qinghai, Gonghe, 813000; 3 Agriculture & Technology Station of Li jia rural, Ledu county in Qinghai, 810700 |
| Abstract: | 【OBJECTIVE】In order to control weeds in field and quicken degradation of soil rudimental pesticide, it is very important to produce non-public farm products. 【METHOD】In the areas of rudimental pesticide used for a long time, we can make three steps that contained autumn- harvest and low- tillage for consecutive 2~3 years, early-low-tillage and late-sow in next spring-sow, or direct late-tillage-sow to study effects of weed controlIn the same time, we can measure the length and fresh weight of crop young-root to analyze the degradation effects of soil rudimental pesticide by these steps. 【RESULTS】 It was indicated: when Triflurex was used for a long time in cole field, soil rudimental pesticide can inhibit young-root growth of next-season highland barley, whose young-root shortened 3.0~3.1cm and whose fresh weight decreased 0.19~0.20g per individual plant compared with the control. When the mevinphos was utilized for a long time in highland barley field, the young-root of next-season cole shortened 1.9~2.0cm and fresh weight decreased 0.13~0.14g per individual plant compared with the control. Low-tillage in time after autumn-harvest showed that the weed seeds in the ground surface were harrowed into the tilth of 0~10cm. Early-low-tillage in spring-sow of the next year induced weed seeds of soil surface to germinate and come out ahead. After 10 days, tillage-sow can decrease about 40% weeds. Compared to the normal plough-row, direct late-tillage-row was postponed 10 days, and can decrease about 30% weeds. In the seedling period or later, rudimental weed seeds were handled with a hoe, which led to better cure and control effects and had more benefits to the young seedling growth and yield of the next-season crop.【CONCLUSION】in the areas of rudimental pesticide used for a long time, low-tillage for successive 2~3 years after autumn-harvest and weeds handling with a hoe in different tillage-sow period can control harm of weeds in crop field efficiently, and can not pollute soil and environment, furthermore, can quicken the degradation of soil rudimental pesticide. |
| Keywords: | different tillage-sow period weed control soil rudimental pesticide |
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