Masculinization of Convict Cichlid (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Cichlasoma nigrofasciatum</Emphasis>) by immersion in <Emphasis Type="Italic">Tribulus terrestris</Emphasis> extract |
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| Authors: | ?ehriban Çek Funda Turan Esin Atik |
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| Institution: | (1) Faculty of Fisheries and Aquaculture, Mustafa Kemal University, 31040 Seinyol Antakya-Hatay, Turkey;(2) Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Mustafa Kemal University, Antakya-Hatay, Turkey |
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| Abstract: | We have examined the effects of Tribulus terrestris (TT), a non-toxic herb, on sex reversal in the Convict Cichlid Cichlasoma nigrofasciatum with the aim of introducing a new environmentally friendly method for masculinization in C. nigrofasciatum. TT is a natural plant product that elevates the testosterone levels in humans and animals. Different concentrations (0.0,
0.10, 0.20 and 0.30 g/l) of TT extract were tested for their effect on sex reversal in C. nigrofasciatum by immersing newly hatched offspring once weekly for 2 months in TT extract. Of the dosages used in the present study, 0.30 g/l
TT was the most effective in terms of masculinization, resulting in a maximum male ratio of 87.23% (P < 0.001). Sex ratios of 79 and 85% at 0.10 and 0.20 g/l TT, respectively, were also significantly different from the expected
1:1 ratio (P < 0.001). Histological examinations revealed that the testes of fish treated with TT extract contained all stages of spermatogenesis,
clearly demonstrating that the administration of TT extract to C. nigrofasciatum stimulated spermatogenesis. Total survival rates in all treatments and the control were uniformly high, ranging from 88.57
to 90% (P > 0.05). We concluded that TT had no negative effect on the survival rate of C. nigrofasciatum. In addition, all groups of TT-treated fish exhibited successful growth acceleration compared to the control group, but only
the 0.30 g/l TT treatment significantly improved the growth rate of C. nigrofasciatum. (P < 0.01). Sex reversal in C. nigrofasciatum demonstrated that TT-treated 0-day-old larvae showed successful sex reversal, spermatogenesis and a better growth rate than
untreated progenies. |
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| Keywords: | Cichlasoma nigrofasciatum Growth Histology Sex reversal Tribulus terrestris |
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