| 黄淮麦区小麦种质资源矮秆基因分布及其与农艺性状的关系 |
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| 引用本文： | 周晓变,赵 磊,陈建辉,阳 霞,王永彦,张香粉,闫雪芳,董中东,崔党群,陈 锋.黄淮麦区小麦种质资源矮秆基因分布及其与农艺性状的关系[J].麦类作物学报,2017(8):997-1007. |
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| 作者姓名： | 周晓变 赵 磊 陈建辉 阳 霞 王永彦 张香粉 闫雪芳 董中东 崔党群 陈 锋 |
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| 作者单位： | 河南农业大学农学院/河南粮食作物协同创新中心/省部共建小麦玉米作物学国家重点实验室,河南郑州,450002 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家重点研发计划项目（2016YFD101802）；河南省科技创新杰出青年基金项目（174100510001）；河南省重大科技专项（161100110500）；河南省高校科技创新团队项目（14IRTSTHN010 |
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| 摘 要： | 为了进一步阐明多个矮秆基因的分布及其与小麦农艺性状的关系,运用分子标记对来自我国黄淮麦区的246份小麦种质资源中6个矮秆基因位点(Rht1、Rht2、Rht4、Rht8、Rht9及Rht12)分别进行了检测,同时连续3年调查参试材料株高、穗长、穗下节长、小穗数、旗叶长、旗叶宽、穗粒数、粒长、粒宽和千粒重共10个农艺性状,分析了不同矮秆基因位点对小麦农艺性状的影响。结果表明,6个矮秆基因在黄淮麦区小麦中均具有广泛分布,其中含有Rht1和Rht2基因的小麦品种分布最广。分析矮秆基因位点对小麦农艺性状的影响发现,在Rht1位点,Rht1-B1a和Rht1-B1b两种基因型间的株高没有显著差异;在Rht2位点,拥有Rht2-D1b类型的小麦品种所有年份间的株高和穗下节长较低,但千粒重较高,为相对优良的基因型。排除Rht1和Rht2基因效应后,Rht4、Rht8、Rht9和Rht12位点对黄淮麦区小麦品种不同农艺性状均具有重要影响,其中,Rht4基因位点主要对小麦株高和千粒重具有重要影响,且Rht4-B1b类型为相对优良的基因型;Rht8基因位点主要对小麦穗下节长、穗长和千粒重具有重要影响,且Rht8-D1b类型为相对优良的基因型;Rht9基因位点主要对小麦株高和千粒重具有重要影响,且Rht9-A1a类型为相对优良的基因型;Rht12基因位点主要对小麦千粒重和穗长具有重要影响,且Rht12-A1a类型为相对优良的基因型。进一步分析发现,6个位点中对株高影响最大的是Rht2基因,其次是Rht4基因;有4个位点(Rht1、Rht2、Rht8、Rht12)对千粒重有显著影响,其中Rht2基因的影响最大。分析除Rht1外其他5个位点优良基因型在不同时期小麦品种中的分布发现,从早期历史品种、近期历史品种到现代品种,不同位点优良基因型分布比例总体呈现上升趋势,表明优良矮秆基因型在黄淮麦区小麦品种选育中的利用逐渐增加,尤其是82.9%的现代小麦品种已含有Rht2-D1b类型。
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| 关 键 词： | 普通小麦 矮秆基因 分子标记 农艺性状 优良基因型 |
Distribution of Dwarf Genes and Their Association with Agronomic Traits in Bread Wheat from the Yellow and Huai Wheat Region |
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| ZHOU Xiaobian,ZHAO Lei,CHEN Jianhui,YANG Xi,WANG Yongyan,ZHANG Xiangfen,YAN Xuefang,DONG Zhongdong,CUI Dangqun,CHEN Feng.Distribution of Dwarf Genes and Their Association with Agronomic Traits in Bread Wheat from the Yellow and Huai Wheat Region[J].Journal of Triticeae Crops,2017(8):997-1007. |
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| Authors: | ZHOU Xiaobian ZHAO Lei CHEN Jianhui YANG Xi WANG Yongyan ZHANG Xiangfen YAN Xuefang DONG Zhongdong CUI Dangqun CHEN Feng |
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| Abstract: | Identification of distribution of dwarf genes and their influence on agronomic traits in bread wheat could contribute to reasonable use of dwarf genes and could provid evaluable information for wheat breeding program. Different molecular markers at six Rht loci ( Rht1, Rht2, Rht4, Rht8, Rht9 and Rht12) were used to detect distribution of dwarf genes in 246 common wheat from the Yellow and Huai wheat region.A total of ten agronomic traits,including plant height,spike length,peduncle length,spikelet number per spike,flag leaf length,flag leaf width,kernel number per spike,kernel length,kernel width and thousand-kernel weight were investigated for three years and their relationship with the Rht loci were analyzed. The results showed that six dwarf genes showed an extensive distribution in the Yellow and Huai wheat region,especially for the Rht1 and Rht2 genes. Association analysis of the six dwarf genes with the ten agronomic traits in bread wheat showed that at Rht1 locus cultivars with Rht1-B1a and Rht1-B1b alleles did not show significant difference for plant height. At Rht2 locus,cultivars with Rht2-D1b had significantly lower plant height,peduncle length but higher thousand-kernel weight in the three years,suggesting that Rht2-D1b is the superior allele. Excluding the effect of Rht1 and Rht2 genes,due to their strong influence on agronomic traits,the four loci of Rht4, Rht8, Rht9 and Rht12 had also important effects on different agronomic traits in wheat cultivars from the Yellow and Huai valley. Among the four loci, Rht4 played an important role in plant height and thousand-kernel weight and thus Rht4-B1b is the relatively superior allele; Rht8 had important effects on spike length,peduncle length and thousand-kernel weight and thus Rht8-D1b is the relatively superior allele; Rht9 had important effects on plant height and thousand-kernel weight and thus Rht9-A1a is the relatively superior allele; Rht12 had important effects on spike length and thousand-kernel weight and thus Rht12-A1a is the superior allele. Further analysis showed that Rht2 showed the most important effect on plant height among the six loci,which was followed by Rht4. Four ( Rht1, Rht2, Rht8 and Rht12) of the six loci showed significant effect on thousand-kernel weight,of which Rht2 also showed the most significant effect.Analysis of the distribution of the six superior alleles in cultivars from different periods indicated percentage of the superior alleles generally increased from early historical cultivars,recent historical cultivars to modern cultivars in the Yellow and Huai valley,and especially 82.9% of modern cultivars had Rht2-D1b. |
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| Keywords: | Bread wheat Dwarf genes Molecular marker Agronomic traits Superior alleles |
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