| 基于迭代评价法的农村居民点优化布局与整治策略 |
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| 引用本文： | 陈伟强,刘耀林,银超慧,荆莹,关小克.基于迭代评价法的农村居民点优化布局与整治策略[J].农业工程学报,2017,33(17):255-263. |
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| 作者姓名： | 陈伟强 刘耀林 银超慧 荆莹 关小克 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 河南农业大学资源与环境学院,郑州,450002;2. 武汉大学资源与环境科学学院,武汉,430079;3. 郑州轻工业学院社会发展研究中心,郑州,450002 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目（41501189）;河南省教育厅科技攻关项目（14B630002）。 |
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| 摘 要： | 科学进行农村居民点优化布局,对实施农村居民点整治,实现城乡一体化发展意义重大.该文以河南省新郑市为例,研究了农村居民点优化布局的方法和分区整治策略.基于中心地理论,设计了农村居民点理想布局模型,在农村居民点适宜性评价基础上,进一步提出了农村居民点适宜性迭代评价的方法,设计了程序算法,利用Python语言和Arc Py类库实现了软件工具开发.研究结果表明:根据农村居民生产和生活需求设计的理想村庄布局模型参数为:村庄之间的标准距离2.5km,最大耕作半径为1.44km,聚落腹地面积541.27hm2.新郑市农村居民点适宜性评价综合分值呈现出东高西低的非均匀分布,而迭代评价结果呈现出相对均匀的分布,利用该结果进行村庄布局优化更加合理.进行村庄优化布局,设置了17个中心村,103个基层村,其余为拆迁村,并将拆迁村划分为政府主导型和规划引导型2类,针对不同类型的村庄提出了对应的整治策略.研究结论认为,农村居民点迭代评价方法得到的结果,更加科学合理,该结果通过规划引导,可实现农村居民点的合理演化,该文的方法可为相关研究提供参考和借鉴.
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| 关 键 词： | 土地利用 优化 农村 居民点 适宜性评价 迭代评价 |
| 收稿时间： | 2017/4/21 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2017/7/19 0:00:00 |
Layout optimization for rural settlements based on iterative evaluation method and its remediation strategies |
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| Chen Weiqiang,Liu Yaolin,Yin Chaohui,Jing Ying and Guan Xiaoke.Layout optimization for rural settlements based on iterative evaluation method and its remediation strategies[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2017,33(17):255-263. |
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| Authors: | Chen Weiqiang Liu Yaolin Yin Chaohui Jing Ying and Guan Xiaoke |
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| Institution: | 1. College of Resource and Environment, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China;,2. School of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China;,2. School of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China;,2. School of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China; and 3. Social Development Research Center of Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450002, China; |
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| Abstract: | Abstract: The "hollow village" is becoming an increasingly serious problem with the rapid development of industrialization and urbanization, followed by great waste of precious land resource, high cost in rural public resources allocation, hard work, and so on, which finally results in lagging urban-rural integration. However, these problems can be relieved through the rural settlements renovation. And the rural settlements spatial optimization layout is the core issue to be resolved in the rural settlement renovation, which should be valued. The difficulty in the rural settlements layout optimization lies in the combinatorial optimization of multiple locations, rather than the selection of single one. This paper put forward an iteration evaluation method based on iterative calculation of rural settlements development potential and an algorithm of rural settlements layout optimization, which was applied to Xinzheng City, the study area in Henan Province. The purpose of this study is to find a solution to rural settlements layout which can meet the living and production needs of rural settlements. In the optimization of rural settlements layout, it is assumed that the core function of rural settlements eventually returns to the primary industry. Based on this situation, the following steps were in process: First of all, given the needs of living and production, the ideal farming hinterland scale of rural settlements was estimated and the accessibility constraints of the living and production were obtained to design an appropriate model for rural settlements layout. Secondly, we obtained the suitability evaluation results of rural settlements by employing multi-factor evaluation method. Thirdly, the stepwise selection method was used to get the iteration evaluation results of rural settlements through iterative calculation. Finally, the rural settlements optimal layout scheme and partitioning renovation strategies were formulated according to the iteration evaluation results. Some conclusions were drawn in this research as follows: 1) Ideal model parameters of village layout according to living and production needs of rural settlements were proposed including the standard distance of 2.5 km between villages, the largest farming radius of 1.44 km and the settlement hinterland area of 541.27 hm2. 2) The results of rural settlements development potential showed a non-uniform distribution that was a pattern of from high to low from the east to the west using the suitability evaluation method, while the results presented a relatively uniform distribution when taking the iteration evaluation method. Obviously, it is more reasonable to adopt the iteration evaluation method to optimize the village layout. 3) Therefore, taking Xinzheng as an example and using the iteration evaluation results to optimize the village layout, 17 center villages and 103 general villages were set. The rest ones were demolition villages and divided into government leading demolition type and planning guidance demolition type, which were to be cleared away and relocated. The corresponding land management countermeasures are proposed for different types of villages. In a word, the iteration evaluation method for rural settlement can effectively solve the rural settlements layout problem and also provide reference for related research. |
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| Keywords: | land use optimization rural areas settlements suitability evaluation iterative evaluation |
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