| 烤烟-绿肥轮作对烤烟产量和品质的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 赵文军,薛开政,杨继周,胡保文,付利波,尹梅,陈检锋,王伟,王志远,王应学,李延润,陈华.烤烟-绿肥轮作对烤烟产量和品质的影响[J].中国农学通报,2022,38(25):8-15. |
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| 作者姓名： | 赵文军 薛开政 杨继周 胡保文 付利波 尹梅 陈检锋 王伟 王志远 王应学 李延润 陈华 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.红塔烟草（集团）有限责任公司，云南玉溪 653100;2.云南省农业科学院农业环境资源研究所，昆明 650205;3.临沧市烟草公司，云南临沧 677000 |
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| 基金项目： | 红塔烟草（集团）有限责任公司科技计划项目“高端烟叶定制生产技术优化研究”(2019YL07);现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金“国家绿肥产业技术体系”(CARS-22) |
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| 摘 要： | 为评价并筛选出适宜与烤烟轮作的最佳绿肥品种，采用田间定位试验设4个处理，分别为烤烟-冬闲、烤烟-光叶紫花苕、烤烟-肥田萝卜、烤烟-黑麦草，探讨4种轮作模式下的烟叶产量、产值、农艺性状、化学成分及植烟土壤的养分变化情况。结果表明，不同绿肥轮作显著提升了烟叶均价和产值，其中光叶紫花苕、肥田萝卜和黑麦草轮作处理的烟叶均价分别相对冬闲处理提高15.37%、20.04%和17.72%，产值分别提高23.6%、24.1%和18.3%，光叶紫花苕处理增加了中上等烟比例。光叶紫花苕和肥田萝卜轮作处理烟叶的烟碱含量、两糖差和非烟碱氮/总氮达到了优质烟叶的水平。综上，种植光叶紫花苕和肥田萝卜能够显著提高烤烟的均价和产值，并能使烟叶的化学成分更加协调，多项化学品质达到优质烟叶的标准，是云南烟区值得推广的冬绿肥轮作模式。
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| 关 键 词： | 绿肥 轮作 产值 烟叶品质 化学成分 |
| 收稿时间： | 2021-09-10 |
Green Manure Rotation in Tobacco Field: Effects on the Yield and Quality of Flue-cured Tobacco |
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| ZHAO Wenjun,XUE Kaizheng,YANG Jizhou,HU Baowen,FU Libo,YIN Mei,CHEN Jianfeng,WANG Wei,WANG Zhiyuan,WANG Yingxue,LI Yanrun,CHEN Hua.Green Manure Rotation in Tobacco Field: Effects on the Yield and Quality of Flue-cured Tobacco[J].Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin,2022,38(25):8-15. |
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| Authors: | ZHAO Wenjun XUE Kaizheng YANG Jizhou HU Baowen FU Libo YIN Mei CHEN Jianfeng WANG Wei WANG Zhiyuan WANG Yingxue LI Yanrun CHEN Hua |
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| Institution: | 1.Hongta Tobacco (Group) Co., Ltd., Yuxi, Yunnan 653100;2.Institute of Agricultural Environment and Resource, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming 650205;3.Lincang Branch of Yunnan Tobacco Company, Lincang, Yunnan 677000 |
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| Abstract: | To evaluate and screen out the best green manure crops suitable for crop rotation with flue-cured tobacco, four treatments were set up in the field test, including flue-cured tobacco and winter fallow, flue-cured tobacco and smooth vetch, flue-cured tobacco and radish and flue-cured tobacco and ryegrass, to explore the yield, output value, agronomic characters, chemical components of flue-cured tobacco and the nutrient content of the tobacco-growing soil. The results showed that different green manure rotations significantly increased the average price and output value of tobacco leaves. Among them, the average price of tobacco leaves in the rotation with smooth vetch, radish and ryegrass was increased by 15.37%, 20.04% and 17.72%, respectively, and the output value was increased by 23.6%, 24.1% and 18.3%, respectively, compared with those of the winter fallow treatment. The smooth vetch treatment increased the proportion of middle and upper class tobacco. The nicotine content, difference between total sugar and reducing sugar and the non-nicotine nitrogen/total nitrogen of the tobacco leaves in the smooth vetch and radish treatments all reached the level of high-quality tobacco leaves. In summary, the planting and utilizing of smooth vetch and radish could significantly increase the average price and output value of flue-cured tobacco, and make the chemical composition of tobacco be more harmonized and the chemical qualities meet the standards of high-quality tobacco. These green manure and flue-cured tobacco rotation systems are the effective methods to be promoted in Yunnan. |
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| Keywords: | green manure rotation output value quality of tobacco leaves chemical composition |
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