| 不同品种和生长期嘉宝果叶片酚类及挥发性物质研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 邱珊莲,林宝妹,吴妙鸿,洪佳敏,郑开斌.不同品种和生长期嘉宝果叶片酚类及挥发性物质研究[J].核农学报,2022,36(10):1996-2008. |
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| 作者姓名： | 邱珊莲 林宝妹 吴妙鸿 洪佳敏 郑开斌 |
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| 作者单位： | 福建省农业科学院亚热带农业研究所,福建 漳州 363005 |
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| 基金项目： | 福建省自然科学基金项目(2020J011369);福建省省属公益类科研院所专项(2019R1030-4) |
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| 摘 要： | 为研究不同品种和生长期嘉宝果叶片酚类及挥发性物质的含量和组成,分别通过比色法、水蒸气蒸馏法和顶空-气相色谱/质谱联用技术,对沙巴、四季早生、福冈等9个品种嘉宝果老/嫩叶的总酚、总黄酮、精油含量和挥发性成分进行测定。结果表明,沙巴嫩叶的总酚含量(31.87%)最高;阿根廷嫩叶总黄酮含量(24.81%)最高;沙巴老叶精油含量(2.78‰)最高,其次为沙巴嫩叶(2.42‰)。老叶中相对含量在0.05%以上的挥发性化合物有31~44种,均以萜类为主;嫩叶中相对含量在0.05%以上的化合物有28~40种,同样以萜类为主。除沙巴、阿根廷、大红钻老/嫩叶和福冈老叶外,其余老/嫩叶均以倍半萜为优势成分。沙巴老叶主要成分为α-蒎烯、桉叶油醇;沙巴嫩叶为β-蒎烯和α-蒎烯;阿根廷老/嫩叶、大红钻嫩叶和白艾斯老叶为β-蒎烯;福冈老/嫩叶为β-石竹烯;四季早生、大巨红晶、艾斯卡老/嫩叶为β-胡椒烯;乔尼尔老/嫩叶为β-石竹烯、β-胡椒烯。主成分分析结果表明,单萜含氧衍生物、α-蒎烯、单萜烯、β-蒎烯、α-芹子烯是导致不同品种间嘉宝果老叶香气差异的主要物质;倍半萜烯、单萜烯、β-蒎烯、α-蒎烯、β-石竹烯是导致不同品种间嘉宝果嫩叶香气差异的主要物质。综上,沙巴嫩叶总酚含量最高,精油含量较高,活性挥发性物质蒎烯(α-蒎烯+β-蒎烯)相对含量高达62.41%,在抗菌、抗炎、抗氧化、抗肿瘤等方面有潜在的利用价值,在医药领域有极大的研究价值和开发潜力。
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| 关 键 词： | 嘉宝果 总酚 精油 挥发性成分 |
| 收稿时间： | 2021-10-08 |
Study on Phenols and Volatile Compounds in Leaves of Different Varieties of Jaboticaba (Myrciaria spp.) at Different Growth Stages |
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| QIU Shanlian,LIN Baomei,WU Miaohong,HONG Jiamin,ZHENG Kaibin.Study on Phenols and Volatile Compounds in Leaves of Different Varieties of Jaboticaba (Myrciaria spp.) at Different Growth Stages[J].Acta Agriculturae Nucleatae Sinica,2022,36(10):1996-2008. |
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| Authors: | QIU Shanlian LIN Baomei WU Miaohong HONG Jiamin ZHENG Kaibin |
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| Institution: | Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhangzhou, Fujian 363005 |
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| Abstract: | The leaves of 9 varieties in jaboticaba at different growth stages were used to determine total phenolic and flavonoid content, essential oil content, and volatile components by using colorimetry, steam distillation method, HS-GC/MS (head space-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry) technology, to clarify the differences of phenols and volatile substances in leaves of different varieties of jaboticaba. The results showed that among the 18 samples of 9 varieties, the content of total phenolic (31.87%) in the tender leaves of Saba (Sb) was the highest, and the content of total flavonoid (24.81%) in the tender leaves of Argentina (Arg) was the highest, and the content of essential oil (2.78‰) in the old leaves of Sb was the highest, followed by the tender leaves of Sb (2.42‰). The volatile components in old leaves of nine varieties of jaboticaba had 31~44 compounds with relative content of more than 0.05%, and terpenoids were the main components. The volatile components in tender leaves of nine varieties of jaboticaba had 28~40 compounds with relative content of more than 0.05%, and also terpenoids were the main components. Except for old and tender leaves of Sb, Arg, Dahongzuan (Dhz), and old leaves of Fukuoka (Fuk), sesquiterpenoids were the dominant components of terpenoids in other varieties. The main components of old leaves of Sb were α-pinene and eucalyptol; those of tender leaves of Sb were β-pinene and α-pinene; those of Arg old and tender leaves, Dhz tender leaves and Baiaishi (Bais) old leaves were β-pinene; those of Fuk old and tender leaves were β-caryophyllene; those of old and tender leaves of Sijizaosheng (Sjzs), Dajuhongjing (Djhj), Aisika (Aisk) were β-copaene; those of Qiaonier (Qner) old and tender leaves were β-caryophyllene and β-copaene. The results of principal component analysis (PCA) showed that oxygenated monoterpene, α-pinene, monoterpene, β-pinene, and α-selinene were the main volatile substances leading to differences among the old leaves of 9 varieties. Sesquiterpene, monoterpene, β-pinene, α-pinene, and β-caryophyllene were the main volatile substances leading to differences among the tender leaves of 9 varieties. To sum up, for tender leaves of Sb, the content of total phenol was the highest, its content of essential oil was high, and its relative content of the active volatile substance pinene (α-pinene+β-pinene) was as high as 62.41%, so the tender leaf of Sb could be utilized in antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and anti-tumor with potential in the field of medicine. |
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| Keywords: | jaboticaba phenol essential oil volatile component |
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