| 模拟酸雨对不同园林植物叶片生理生态特性的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 宋晓梅,曹向阳.模拟酸雨对不同园林植物叶片生理生态特性的影响[J].水土保持研究,2017,24(2):365-370. |
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| 作者姓名： | 宋晓梅 曹向阳 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 扬州工业职业技术学院, 江苏 扬州 225000;2. 中电建路桥集团扬州建设发展有限公司, 江苏 扬州 225000 |
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| 摘 要： | 采用盆栽方法，以自来水（pH值6.5）作为对照，研究了pH值为1.7，3.0，4.3，5.6模拟酸雨条件下新梢增长量、叶片损伤程度和叶片生理生态特性，并分析了园林植物对酸雨污染的敏感性反应。结果表明:不同pH值的酸雨对园林植物新叶片有不同程度的抑制，酸雨的酸度越大，对园林植物叶片的伤害越大，以pH值1.7的模拟酸雨对园林植物叶片的伤害最为严重，pH值5.6伤害较为轻微，但不同种类之间对酸雨的抗性有明显差异；pH值4.3~5.6处理对园林植物新梢生长率没有显著的影响和抑制作用，而pH值小于3.0处理则严重抑制了园林植物新梢生长；随模拟酸雨强度的增强，园林植物叶片的细胞质膜透性和丙二醛（MDA）含量逐渐升高，当pH值小于3.0时，细胞质膜透性和丙二醛（MDA）含量则急剧增加，当pH值为1.7时，不同园林植物叶片则严重受损；园林植物叶片叶绿素含量、叶片N和P含量随酸雨强度的增加逐渐降低，当pH值小于3.0时，园林植物叶片叶绿素含量、叶片N和P含量则急剧降低，当pH值为1.7时，不同园林植物叶片则严重受损；相关分析表明，酸雨增加了园林植物对环境的敏感性。园林植物对酸雨具有较强的抵抗能力，对园林植物生理活动影响的阈值pH值大致介于3.0~4.3，因此，本研究的6种园林植物可以作为酸雨灾害严重地区园林绿化及植被构建的物种。
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| 关 键 词： | 模拟酸雨 园林植物 叶片 生理生态特性 |
Effect of Simulated Acid Rain on the Physiological and Ecological Characteristics of Different Garden Plants |
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| SONG Xiaomei,CAO Xiangyang.Effect of Simulated Acid Rain on the Physiological and Ecological Characteristics of Different Garden Plants[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2017,24(2):365-370. |
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| Authors: | SONG Xiaomei CAO Xiangyang |
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| Institution: | 1. Yangzhou College of Industrial Technology, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225127, China;2. Yangzhou Construction Development, Power China Road Bridge Group Co., Ltd. Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225127, China |
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| Abstract: | Based on pot experiments, we studied the effects of acid rain on the physiological and ecological characteristics of different garden plants which were treated with simulated acid rain at pH 1.7, 3.0, 4.3, 5.6 and 6.5 (CK). The results showed that the acid precipitation with different pH values inhibited, to different extents, shoot growth of all the 6 species, and the harm suffered by the plants increased with the acidity of rain, the simulated rain had no inhibition to plants at pH 4.3 and 5.6, and had significant inhibition to plants under pH 3.0. As the acidity of the simulated rain increased, the MDA content and plasmalemma permeability of the leaves increased, when pH was less than 3.0, the MDA contents and plasmalemma permeability of the leaves sharply increased, and when pH was 1.7, the garden plant leaves were badly damaged. While the chlorophyll content, N and P contents had the opposite trend with the MDA content and plasmalemma permeability of the leaves. The result revealed that acid rain enhanced the sensitivity of different garden plants to environment through correlation and regression analysis, the species differed in their susceptibility to acid rain, pH 3.0 to 4.3 could be used as an invisible critical point of acid rain damage to their leaves. Therefore, these different garden plants could be considered as one of the landscaping and vegetation constructing plants in the acid rain-hit areas. |
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| Keywords: | simulated acid rain garden plants physiological and ecological characteristics |
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