To determine the methyl sulfonic acid ethyl ester (EMS) different varieties of soybean of mutation effect, four soybean varieties were treated by 0.5% EMS solution, and genetic variations of the main agronomic characters in M2 were analyzed. The results were that each variety agronomic characters all happened some degree of variation, among the characters of M2, the genetic variation coefficient of branches were maximum , seeds per plant ,pods per plant and seed weight per plant were medium , plant height and main stem nodes were minimum. But in the early mature varieties these variation was significant, and not in the late. Each variety happened the early or the late mutants, the proportion of the total mutant plants was 43.1%, and the proportion of the early mutants (24.6%) was large than the late (18.5%), but in the early mature varieties whether the proportions of the early or the late mutants were greater than the late.