| 林分密度对山桃树冠结构的影响研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 章志都,徐程扬,蔡宝军,李翠翠,袁士保,杨程,彭强,金桂香.林分密度对山桃树冠结构的影响研究[J].北京林业大学学报,2009,31(6):187-192. |
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| 作者姓名： | 章志都 徐程扬 蔡宝军 李翠翠 袁士保 杨程 彭强 金桂香 |
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| 作者单位： | 1 北京林业大学省部共建森林培育与保护教育部重点实验室2 北京市园林绿化局 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家科技支撑计划，北京市农委项目 |
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| 摘 要： | 树冠结构决定着林木外部形态和对光能的截获能力，并直接影响林木个体的初级生产力。对于风景林来说，树冠结构不仅影响着林木个体的姿态，而且严重地影响着林木的开花结实，进而显著地影响着林木的观赏性。以北京山区山桃风景林为例，从枝条长度、枝条基径、分枝角度及侧枝密度等变化的角度对林分密度与山桃树冠结构的关系进行研究。结果表明:①山桃的树冠形状在一定程度上受林分密度的影响，高密度（3 500株/hm2）林分中山桃活枝下高相对较高，而冠幅、树冠率相对较小。②林分密度在一定程度上对一级侧枝的各种树冠形态参数产生影响，但不同处理间差异不显著，而对较高序级枝条的枝长度、基径、枝角和侧枝密度有显著或极显著影响；各序级枝条的基径随密度提高而增大，且与枝角呈负相关，与枝长度呈显著正相关。③在低密度（2 500株/hm2）林分中，各树冠层次中的枝条结构均有利于光的吸收，长短枝比例相对比较合理。建议山桃风景林的经营密度应控制在2 500株/hm2以内。
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| 关 键 词： | 风景林 山桃 树冠结构 美景度 |
| 收稿时间： | 1900-01-01 |
Influence of stock density on crown structure of Prunus davidiana |
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| ZHANG Zhi-du, XU Cheng-yang, CAI Bao-jun, LI Cui-cui, YUAN SHi-bao, YANG Cheng, PENG Qiang, JIN Gui-xiang.Influence of stock density on crown structure of Prunus davidiana[J].Journal of Beijing Forestry University,2009,31(6):187-192. |
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| Authors: | ZHANG Zhi-du XU Cheng-yang CAI Bao-jun LI Cui-cui YUAN SHi-bao YANG Cheng PENG Qiang JIN Gui-xiang |
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| Institution: | 1 Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of Ministry of Education， Beijing Forestry University， 100083， P.R. China； 2 Beijing Municipal Bureau of Landscape and Forestry， 100029， P.R. China. |
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| Abstract: | Crown structure determining physiognomy of trees and influencing the harvest of light energy affects tree primary productivity. It can not only influence the shape of trees, but also influence flowering and fructification intensity, thus remarkably impact the ornamental value of trees. In order to reveal the relationship between crown structure and stock density, the crown structure of Prunus davidiana was taken into research. The following factors of crown structure were studied in this paper, including the shape of crown, and the distribution of branch in tree groups with different stock density: low density (< 2 500 trees/hm~2), middle density(2 500-3 500 trees/hm~2) and high density(> 3 500 trees/hm~2). The results showed that, to a certain extent, the crown structure was influenced by stock density: 1) crown development was restrained in high density stand, in which the height of the first live branch increased and the crown ratio decreased. But because of the competition between different individual trees, the crown width decreased as a result of the increase of stock density. 2) Even though the differences of 1st branch with various stock density were not significant, the branch length, branch angle, basal diameter of branch and lateral branch density of other order branches were evidently influenced by stock density. Basal diameter increased with the increasing stock density. Length of branch significantly increased with its basal diameter but decreased with branch angle. 3) Stands with low stock density had a relatively reasonable proportion of branches and spurs, and the branch structure had more advantages for the photosynthesis of leaves in different crown depth. So the stock density of P. Davidiana scenic forest should be less than 2 500 trees/hm~2. |
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| Keywords: | scenic forest Prunus davidiana crown structure scenic beauty |
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