| 不同降水年型节水小麦产量构成与效益分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 刘彦泉,杨恩庶,齐艳花,石克强,汪学才.不同降水年型节水小麦产量构成与效益分析[J].中国农学通报,2008,24(12):463-468. |
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| 作者姓名： | 刘彦泉 杨恩庶 齐艳花 石克强 汪学才 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 北京市大兴区种植业服务中心,北京,102600
2. 北京市大兴区农业委员会,北京,102600 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家863课题"主要农作物节水高产农艺补偿技术研究(2006AA100202-2)"资助
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| 摘 要： | 于2003~2006年间3个不同降水年型，以28个小麦品种为材料，采用只浇冻水一水的节水措施，比较品种间产量构成因素和农艺性状等方面的差异性，并与常规灌溉管理小麦在产量水平、产量相关性状和效益等方面进行比较分析。结果表明：（1）从产量水平看，参试品种间抗旱性存在显著差异。节水栽培条件下，各品种产量水平与不同降水年型生长期降水量有着密切的关系。（2）初步认为“京农02-2”、“中麦326”、“北农9580”、“中麦12”、“京农04-133”和“京冬8”六个品种在参试品种中具有较好的抗旱性，其中“中麦326”在丰水年和平水年2个不同年度表现出较好的对不同水分条件的适应性。（3）干旱条件下，小麦分蘖成穗过程受影响最大，分蘖成穗率可以作为小麦抗旱性筛选鉴定的较早期指标。（4）在丰水年和平水年大面积推广抗旱性好的小麦品种和节水型栽培技术，可以明显改善本区水资源亏空的状况。但枯水年只灌溉一次冻水难以满足小麦正常生长需要，比正常灌溉小麦产量降低48.89%以上。
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| 关 键 词： | 小麦 节水 抗旱品种 综合效益 |
| 收稿时间： | 2008/9/17 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2008/10/25 0:00:00 |
Analysis of the Yield Composition and Benefits of Water-Saving Wheat in Different Precipitation Years |
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| Liu Yanquan,Yang Enshu,Qi Yanhu,Shi Keqiang,Wang Xuecai.Analysis of the Yield Composition and Benefits of Water-Saving Wheat in Different Precipitation Years[J].Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin,2008,24(12):463-468. |
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| Authors: | Liu Yanquan Yang Enshu Qi Yanhu Shi Keqiang Wang Xuecai |
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| Institution: | Liu Yanquan1,Yang Enshu1,Qi Yanhua1,Shi Keqiang1,Wang Xuecai2 |
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| Abstract: | To screen out proper drought resistant wheat varieties for Beijing area and provide references for making extension decisions on water saving cultivation techniques for winter wheat in Beijing,the yield and agronomic characteristics of 28 wheat varieties under only one winter irrigation were compared with those under normal traditional irrigations in three different precipitation years from 2003 to 2006.The results are:(1)The tested wheat varieties had significantly different resistance to drought according to the yield level."Zhongmai 326" and "Jingnong 02-2" showed good drought resistance in normal precipitation years,whereas "Beinong 9580","Zhongmai 12","Jingnong 04-133" and "Jingdong 8" demonstrated good drought resistance in low precipitation.(2)Under drought stress,the formation of wheat spike from the tillers was influenced most,which could be used as the early appraisal and screening index for drought resistant wheat cultivars.(3)In drought years,wheat yield under only one winter irrigation decreased more than 48.89% compared to normal irrigation even if water sving cultivation measures were adopted.Integrated efficiency analysis showed significant benefits of water saving cultivation techniques under only one winter irrigation. |
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| Keywords: | wheat water-saving drought resistant variety integrated efficiency |
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