| 施用生物炭对旱作农田土壤有机碳、氮及其组分的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 尚杰,耿增超,陈心想,赵军,耿荣,王森.施用生物炭对旱作农田土壤有机碳、氮及其组分的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2015,34(3):509-517. |
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| 作者姓名： | 尚杰 耿增超 陈心想 赵军 耿荣 王森 |
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| 作者单位： | 西北农林科技大学资源环境学院, 农业部西北植物营养与农业环境重点实验室, 陕西 杨凌 712100,西北农林科技大学资源环境学院, 农业部西北植物营养与农业环境重点实验室, 陕西 杨凌 712100,西北农林科技大学资源环境学院, 农业部西北植物营养与农业环境重点实验室, 陕西 杨凌 712100,西北农林科技大学资源环境学院, 农业部西北植物营养与农业环境重点实验室, 陕西 杨凌 712100,西北农林科技大学资源环境学院, 农业部西北植物营养与农业环境重点实验室, 陕西 杨凌 712100,西北农林科技大学资源环境学院, 农业部西北植物营养与农业环境重点实验室, 陕西 杨凌 712100 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家农业部“948”项目(2010-Z19);陕西省科技攻关项目(2010K02-12-1);国家级大学生创新创业训练计划项目(201310712036);西北农林科技大学大学生创新创业训练计划项目“生物炭对塿土物理性质和生物活性的影响” |
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| 摘 要： | 通过安排田间试验,在旱作农田土壤中施用果树树干、枝条生物炭,分层分析不同用量(0、20、40、60、80 t·hm-2)生物炭对农田土壤有机碳、氮及其组分的影响。结果表明:在0~10 cm土层,土壤总有机碳(TOC)、颗粒有机碳(POC)、易氧化有机碳(EOC)随生物炭施用量的增加而增加,微生物生物量碳(MBC)、全氮(TN)、碱解氮(AN)、硝态氮(NO-3-N)、微生物生物量氮(MBN)均在生物炭施用量为60 t·hm-2时达到最大,分别比对照(B0)显著增加87.22%、33.33%、18.76%、94.79%、178.80%;在10~20 cm土层,TOC、POC、TN、NO-3-N随生物炭施用量的增加而增加,EOC、MBC、AN均在生物炭用量为60 t·hm-2时达到最大,分别比B0显著增加78.05%、23.85%、31.07%,而MBN在40 t·hm-2时达到最大,比B0显著增加50.87%;在20~30 cm土层,并没有直接地施用生物炭,但因为上层生物炭的影响,除NO-3-N外,其余各指标含量多在60 t·hm-2或80 t·hm-2时显著高于B0;此外,随生物炭施用量的增加,土壤有机碳储量和氮储量在0~30 cm土层分别增加37.92%~108.31%和1.05%~14.94%,其中氮储量在生物炭用量为60 t·hm-2时达到最大。相关分析也表明,土壤TOC、EOC、POC、TN、AN、NO-3-N含量与生物炭施用量呈极显著的正相关(P<0.01)。因此,适量施用生物炭具有提高旱作农田土壤有机碳、氮含量,增加土壤碳截留,提升土壤养分供应的能力。推荐生物炭施用量为60 t·hm-2。
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| 关 键 词： | 生物炭 有机碳 全氮 旱作农田 储量 分布 用量 |
| 收稿时间： | 2014/10/14 0:00:00 |
Effects of Biochar on Soil Organic Carbon and Nitrogen and Their Fractions in a Rainfed Farmland |
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| SHANG Jie,GENG Zeng-chao,CHEN Xin-xiang,ZHAO Jun,GENG Rong and WANG Sen.Effects of Biochar on Soil Organic Carbon and Nitrogen and Their Fractions in a Rainfed Farmland[J].Journal of Agro-Environment Science( J. Agro-Environ. Sci.),2015,34(3):509-517. |
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| Authors: | SHANG Jie GENG Zeng-chao CHEN Xin-xiang ZHAO Jun GENG Rong and WANG Sen |
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| Institution: | College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Agri-environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling 712100, China,College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Agri-environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling 712100, China,College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Agri-environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling 712100, China,College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Agri-environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling 712100, China,College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Agri-environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling 712100, China and College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Agri-environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling 712100, China |
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| Abstract: | Cadmium(Cd) accumulated in milled rice has adversely affected human health. Here we collected l458 rice samples from Fujian Province in 2013 to investigate the health risk caused by Cd in milled rice. Cadmium concentrations in rice samples were measured using graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometer(GF-AAS). The metal pollution in milled rice was evaluated by single factor pollution index, and the metal health risk was assessed by nonparametric probability method. Cadmium concentrations in all samples ranged from 0.001 to 1.158 mg·kg-1, in which only 5% of the samples contained Cd exceeding the China Health Standards for Food(0.2 mg·kg-1). The hazard quotient(HQ) of the health risk was 1.34, 1.87 and 3.56 for 95%, 97.5% and 99.5% exposure, respectively, all greater than 1, indicating the potential risk of Cd pollution. Moreover, late-season rice had higher Cd absorption than early and mid-season rice did. The present study suggests that the accumulation of Cd in milled rice is a potential health risk to consumers of some areas in Fujian Province. Considering the potential health risk, it is necessary to implement yearly monitoring of Cd contamination in milled rice in Fujian Province. |
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| Keywords: | biochar organic carbon total nitrogen rainfed farmland reserves distribution application rate |
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