Short-Term Effects of Arsenate-Induced Toxicity on Growth, Chlorophyll and Carotenoid Contents, and Total Content of Phenolic Compounds of Azolla filiculoides |
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| Authors: | Gabriela S??nchez-Viveros Ronald Ferrera-Cerrato Alejandro Alarc??n |
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| Institution: | 1. ??rea de Microbiolog??a, Postgrado de Edafolog??a, Colegio de Postgraduados, Carretera M??xico-Texcoco Km 36.5., Montecillo, 56230, Estado de M??xico, Mexico
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| Abstract: | This study evaluated the toxic effects of arsenic (As) on the growth, total antioxidant activity, total content of phenolic compounds, and content of photosynthetic pigments of Azolla filiculoides. The aquatic fern was propagated and exposed to Yoshida nutrient solution contaminated with sodium arsenate (Na2HAsO4??7H2O) at six concentrations (5, 10, 20, 30, 60, and 120???g?As?mL?1), including the control without As contamination. Azolla cultures were kept under environmental chamber conditions?26??C, 12?h photoperiod and 80% HR for 96?h. Increased As concentrations (>30???g?mL?1) significantly diminished growth of A. filiculoides and the total content of chlorophyll and total phenolic compounds, but significantly enhanced of total carotenoid?+?xanthophylls content. The concentrations of 5 and 10???g?As?mL?1 significantly stimulated the growth of A. filiculoides. This aquatic fern tolerates As concentrations lower than 30???g?mL?1, and its maximum As accumulation (28???g?g?1 dry weight) was achieved when exposed to 60???g As mL?1, but showing clear symptoms of As toxicity. |
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