| 长江鱼类体长变化及其对资源变动的指征作用 |
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| 引用本文： | 张蓥钰,董芳,方康,万朝阳,刘黄欣,盖帅帅,吴金明,杜浩,张曼,张辉.长江鱼类体长变化及其对资源变动的指征作用[J].中国水产科学,2023,30(12):1507-1519. |
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| 作者姓名： | 张蓥钰 董芳 方康 万朝阳 刘黄欣 盖帅帅 吴金明 杜浩 张曼 张辉 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国水产科学研究院长江水产研究所, 农业农村部淡水生物多样性保护重点实验室, 湖北 武汉 430223 ；河南师范大学水产学院, 河南 新乡 453007 |
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| 基金项目： | 湖北省自然科学基金杰出青年项目(2022CFA058)； 国家重点研发计划课题项目(2022YFF0608202)； 农业农村部长江流域渔政监督管理办公室政府购买服务项目(CJBRKT2022-05). |
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| 摘 要： | 本研究通过文献调研和野外调查相结合的方式,对20世纪80年代以来部分代表性长江鱼类体长值变化进行了定量分析,并探究了其变化对资源变动的指征作用。研究结果表明:(1)对宜昌江段7种典型鱼类近10～40年体长变化的分析发现,其种群体长特征值变化与生物学特性密切相关,资源本底值高、食性广泛、性成熟年龄低且繁殖力强的鱼类在禁渔政策实施后体长增加较快,反之则增加缓慢或不明显;(2)对宜昌江段、金沙江、赤水河和洞庭湖4处水域近20～40年鱼类群落体长特征值的分析表明,其变动大致可分为下降、波动上升和明显上升3个阶段,与鱼类保护政策实施进程有较好的对应性;(3)宜昌江段铜鱼和优势种鱼类群落的平均体长与单位捕捞努力量渔获量呈正相关关系(相关系数分别为0.66和0.88),表明鱼类体长特征值与资源丰度密切相关;(4)基于Logistic曲线对宜昌江段鱼类群落体长特征值的分析预测表明, 2030年该值将达1.22,与20世纪80年代鱼类群落体长特征值接近,据此预测该江段鱼类资源在2030年可恢复到20世纪80年代水平。本研究发现天然水域鱼类体长特征值变动与种群、群落健康状况密切相关,对资源丰度及其变动有较...
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| 关 键 词： | 鱼类体长 监测 资源评估 资源养护 长江 |
| 收稿时间： | 2023/10/3 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2023/12/22 0:00:00 |
Changes in fish body length in the Yangtze River and its indicative effect on resource recovery |
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| ZHANG Yingyu,DONG Fang,FANG Kang,WAN Chaoyang,LIU Huangxin,Gai Shuaishuai,WU Jinming,DU Hao,ZHANG Man,ZHANG Hui.Changes in fish body length in the Yangtze River and its indicative effect on resource recovery[J].Journal of Fishery Sciences of China,2023,30(12):1507-1519. |
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| Authors: | ZHANG Yingyu DONG Fang FANG Kang WAN Chaoyang LIU Huangxin Gai Shuaishuai WU Jinming DU Hao ZHANG Man ZHANG Hui |
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| Abstract: | To scientifically implement conservation actions (ten-year fishing ban) on fish biodiversity in the Yangtze River, it is necessary to understand the dynamic changes in fish resources. Through a combination of literature review and field surveys, this study conducted a quantitative analysis of the changes in body length of representative Yangtze River fish since the 1980s and explored the indicative role of these changes in resource recovery. The research results showed that: 1) analysis of body length changes in seven typical fish species in the Yichang River section over the past 10 to 40 years revealed these changes are closely related to biological characteristics; high resource base values, wide-ranging feeding habits, low age of sexual maturity, and strong fecundity were associated with greater increase in body length after the fishing ban; 2) analysis of the body length of fish communities in the four waters of the Yichang reach, Jinsha River, Chishui River, and Dongting Lake over the past 20 to 40 years shows that changes can be roughly divided into three stages: decline, fluctuating increase, and obvious increase. This corresponds well with the progress of the fishing ban. 3) The average body length of Coreius heterodon and dominant fish communities in the Yichang River section is positively correlated with the catch per unit fishing effort (correlation coefficients are 0.66 and 0.88 respectively), indicating that the fish body length is closely related to resource abundance. 4) The analysis and prediction of the body length of the fish community in the Yichang River section based on the logistic curve showed that the value would reach 1.22 by 2030, which is close to the characteristic value in the 1980s. This suggests that fish resources in the river section can be restored to the resource levels of the 1980s by 2030. This study found that changes in fish body length in natural waters are closely related to the health status of populations and communities and have a positive effect on resource abundance and changes. The body length of fish can be used as an important reference indicator for routine monitoring of fish resources in the Yangtze River. |
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