| 海冰与南半球环状模对南极布兰斯菲尔德海峡南极磷虾种群结构的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 董亚菲,刘慧,朱国平.海冰与南半球环状模对南极布兰斯菲尔德海峡南极磷虾种群结构的影响[J].中国水产科学,2023,30(12):1543-1555. |
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| 作者姓名： | 董亚菲 刘慧 朱国平 |
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| 作者单位： | 上海海洋大学海洋科学学院, 上海 201306 ；上海海洋大学极地研究中心, 上海 201306 ；上海海洋大学大洋渔业资源可持续开发教育部重点实验室极地海洋生态系统研究室, 上海 201306;上海海洋大学海洋科学学院, 上海 201306 ；上海海洋大学极地研究中心, 上海 201306 ；上海海洋大学大洋渔业资源可持续开发教育部重点实验室极地海洋生态系统研究室, 上海 201306 ；国家远洋渔业工程技术研究中心, 上海 210306 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家重点研发计划政府间国际科技创新合作重点专项(2023YFE0104500). |
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| 摘 要： | 南极磷虾(Euphausia superba)是南大洋生态系统的关键物种,其生活史各阶段的生理过程与海冰密切相关。本研究基于开放获取数据库计算了布兰斯菲尔德海峡内反映南极磷虾种群结构特征的5个参数,包括补充指数和幼体、雌性、雄性平均体长以及雌性个体占比,并结合布兰斯菲尔德海峡及周围3个水域的海冰面积、水深、海底复杂度以及南半球环状模(SAM)逐日指数构建广义加性模型,探讨了海冰与气候事件对磷虾种群动态的影响。结果表明,磷虾幼体、雄性磷虾平均体长与60日前的威德尔海西北部海域海冰面积呈显著的负相关,磷虾补充指数与当日和60日前的SAM呈显著的正相关。随着海底复杂性的增加,磷虾补充指数显著下降。4个海域的海冰面积变化对磷虾补充指数和其他种群特征指标的影响存在差异。
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| 关 键 词： | 南极磷虾 海冰 南半球环状模(SAM) 时滞效应 广义加性模型 |
| 收稿时间： | 2023/10/20 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2023/11/26 0:00:00 |
Effects of sea ice and Southern Annular Mode on the length-based index of the Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba) population in the Bransfield Strait, Antarctic |
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| DONG Yafei,LIU Hui,ZHU Guoping.Effects of sea ice and Southern Annular Mode on the length-based index of the Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba) population in the Bransfield Strait, Antarctic[J].Journal of Fishery Sciences of China,2023,30(12):1543-1555. |
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| Authors: | DONG Yafei LIU Hui ZHU Guoping |
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| Abstract: | Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba) is a keystone species in the Southern Ocean ecosystem, and its physiological processes across all life history stages are closely related to sea ice dynamics. The rapid warming of the Antarctic Peninsula and the southward shift in krill distribution range have garnered attention regarding the response of Antarctic krill to sea ice dynamics. The population structure of the Antarctic krill affects the Southern Ocean ecosystem at multiple trophic levels. Achieving a thorough understanding of the Antarctic krill population structure necessitates additional understanding of the replenishment, growth, and reproduction of this species. In this study, we used an open-access database to calculate five indices that reflect the population structure of Antarctic krill in the Bransfield Strait, that is, recruitment index, average length of larval, female, and male individuals in the population, and the ratio of females in the population, and developed a generalized additive model to analyze the effects of sea ice area within the Bransfield Strait and the other three areas adjacent to the Bransfield Strait, water depth, seafloor complexity, and daily index of the southern annular mode (SAM) on krill population dynamics. Since changes in sea ice and SAM have delayed impacts on Antarctic krill, this study proposes lag times of 0, 30, 60, and 90 d for both sea ice dynamics in the four areas and SAM. The results indicate that the increased sea ice area in the Bransfield Strait in the winter of the previous year promoted an increase in the recruitment index. Furthermore, aside from the sea ice area in the Strait, the Weddell Sea predominantly influenced the average lengths of juvenile and male Antarctic krill in the Bransfield Strait. The impact of sea ice area may be due to the fact that the Antarctic krill population in Bransfield Strait originates from the northwest Weddell Sea. The average length of male krill and krill juveniles exhibited a significant negative correlation with the sea ice area in the northwest Weddell Sea 60 d prior. This demonstrates the complexity of the influence of sea ice on average Antarctic krill length. The correlation between the Antarctic krill recruitment index and SAM was significantly positive on both the current day and 60 d prior. This finding contradicts previous studies that suggested that the positive effect of SAM was detrimental to Antarctic krill juvenile survival and resulted in a reduced density of Antarctic krill juveniles. This may be because positive SAM enhances upwelling and increases productivity, providing more food for juvenile Antarctic krill, leading to an increase in the recruitment index. Another possibility is that the effect of SAM on krill is regionally variable. As seafloor complexity increased, the Antarctic krill recruitment index decreased significantly. This may be because complex water depths imply a complex hydrological environment that is not conducive to the survival of Antarctic krill with poor swimming abilities. The influence of sea ice and circulation in the northwest Weddell Sea on Antarctic krill in the Bransfield Strait and the complex relationship between Antarctic krill and SAM require further study to better understand the effects of sea ice changes on Antarctic krill in the local and surrounding waters of the Bransfield Strait and its response to climate change. |
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