| 西北不同生态区甜樱桃果实品质分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 田彦龙,马永强,王磊,郭青云,陈红雨.西北不同生态区甜樱桃果实品质分析[J].果树学报,2021(4):509-519. |
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| 作者姓名： | 田彦龙 马永强 王磊 郭青云 陈红雨 |
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| 作者单位： | 青海大学农林科学院植物保护研究所·青海省农业有害生物综合治理重点实验室·农业农村部西宁作物有害生物科学观测试验站 |
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| 基金项目： | 青海省农业有害生物综合治理重点实验室(2020-ZJ-Y11,2021-ZJ-Y08);农业部“948”项目(2015-Z71)。 |
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| 摘 要： | 【目的】分析铜川、天水和乐都3个生态区内5个甜樱桃品种的品质,比较果实品质存在的差异。【方法】利用果实品质评价的外观指标和功能营养成分指标,结合主成分分析和聚类分析对甜樱桃果实品质进行综合评价。【结果】不同品种的甜樱桃在不同生态区种植时,外观品质、功能营养成分含量、果形指数和单果质量均存在差异。其中,天水生态区甜樱桃果实硬度要大于其他生态区。乐都生态区樱桃总糖含量最高。铜川生态区除美早外,其他品种可滴定酸含量均高于铜川、天水生态区。不同生态区不同品种维生素C、总酚、总黄酮和原花青素含量均存在差异。【结论】铜川生态区的萨米脱、红灯和雷尼和天水生态区的萨米脱的主要特点为:果型较小,总糖、原花青素和总黄酮含量低,维生素C和总酚含量高。天水生态区的美早、红灯和雷尼,乐都生态区的萨米脱和铜川生态区的美早的主要特点为:单果质量小,硬度大,可滴定酸含量低,糖酸比小。铜川生态区的布鲁克斯,乐都生态区的布鲁克斯、红灯、雷尼、美早和天水生态区的布鲁克斯的主要特点为:果型较大、单果质量大、糖酸比大,总糖、总黄酮和原花青素含量高,可滴定酸和总酚含量低。
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| 关 键 词： | 甜樱桃 品种 果实品质 生态区 |
Quality analysis of sweet cherry fruits in different ecological areas in northwest China |
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| TIAN Yanlong,MAYongqiang,WANG Lei,GUO Qingyun,CHEN Hongyu.Quality analysis of sweet cherry fruits in different ecological areas in northwest China[J].Journal of Fruit Science,2021(4):509-519. |
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| Authors: | TIAN Yanlong MAYongqiang WANG Lei GUO Qingyun CHEN Hongyu |
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| Institution: | (Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences,Qinghai University/Key Laboratory of Agricultural Pests Management/Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Pests in Xining,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Xining 810016,Qinghai,China) |
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| Abstract: | 【Objective】This study analyzed the fruit quality of 5 sweet cherry varieties in 3 ecological regions including Tongchuan,Tianshui and Ledu.【Methods】Quality parameters measured included single fruit weight,hardness,fruit shape index,total sugar,titratable acid,ratio of sugar to acid,vitamin C,total phenols,total flavonoids and proanthocyanidins.Sweet cherry fruits were analyzed with principal component analysis and cluster analysis for comprehensive evaluation of quality.【Results】Except for Rainier,the other varieties had the high total sugar content in all the three ecological regions.There were differences in total sugar content between different varieties and in titratable acid content among different ecological regions and different varieties.Except for Brooks,the other varieties had the highest contents in Ledu.The ratio of sugar to acid differed among different varieties.Except for Tieton,there was no significant difference among the three different ecological zones.Except for Brooks,there was basically no significant difference among the other varieties.The total phenol content was the highest in Tianshui except for Summit and Tieton.There were differences between different varieties in Tianshui and Tongchuan.The total flavonoid content was different in different ecological areas as well as among varieties.Except for Hongdeng,the proanthocyanidin content was the lowest in the Tianshui.There were differences between different varieties in Tongchuan and Ledu.Using principal component analysis to comprehensively evaluate sweet cherry fruits,multiple fruit quality indicators can be grouped into four main components.The eigen value of the first principal component was 3.335,with a variance contribution rate of 33.348%.The eigen value of the second principal component was 1.930 with a variance contribution rate of 19.300%.The eigen value of the third principal component was 1.689 with a variance contribution rate of 16.890%.The eigen value of the fourth principal component was 1.298 with a variance contribution rate of 12.298.The eigen values of the four principal components were all greater than 1,and the accumulative variance contribution rate reached 82.136%.The comprehensive evaluation result could be reflected by the scoring model of the 4 principal components.In the case of Brooks,the score was in the order of Ledu>Tianshui>Tongchuan.For Tieton,the score was Ledu>Tongchuan>Tianshui.For Summit the score was Ledu>Tongchuan>Tianshui.For Hongdeng the score was Ledu>Tianshui>Tongchuan.For Rainier the score was Ledu>Tianshui>Tongchuan.The 15 varietie and region combination could be clustered into 3 categories.The first category included Tieton,Hongdeng and Rainier in Tianshui,Summit in Ledu,and Tieton in Tongchuan;the second included Summit,Hongdeng and Rainier in Tongchuan,and Summit in Tianshui.The third included Brooks in Tianshui,Brooks,Hongdeng,Rainier and Tieton in Ledu’s,and Brooks in Tianshui.【Conclusion】The main characteristics of Summit,Hongdeng and Rainier grown in Tongchuan and Summit in Tianshui included small fruit size,low contents of total sugars,proanthocyanidins and total flavonoids,and high contents of Vc and total phenols.The main characteristics of Tieton,Hongdeng and Rainier from Tianshui,Summit from Ledu,and Tieton from Tongchuan were of low fruit quality,high fruit hardness,low titratable acid content,and low sugar-acid ratio.The main characteristics of Brooks from Tongchuan,Brooks from Ledu,Hongdeng,Rainier,Tieton,and Brooks from Tianshui included large fruit size,high fruit quality,high sugar-acid ratio,and high contents of total sugar,total flavonoids and proanthocyanidins.Titration acid and total phenol content are low. |
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| Keywords: | Cherry Varieties Fruit quality Ecological areas |
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