| 柑橘新品种粤橘1号的选育 |
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| 引用本文： | 闫化学,周碧容.柑橘新品种粤橘1号的选育[J].果树学报,2021(4):623-626. |
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| 作者姓名： | 闫化学 周碧容 |
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| 作者单位： | 广东省农业科学院果树研究所·农业农村部南亚热带果树生物学与遗传资源利用重点实验室·广东省热带亚热带果树研究重点实验室 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金(32072535);广东省自然科学基金(2019A1515011709);科技创新战略专项资金(高水平农科院建设,R2019PY-QY004);岭南水果产业技术体系创新团队建设项目(2018LM1070)。 |
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| 摘 要： | 粤橘1号是从沙糖橘芽变中选育的柑橘新品种。该品种树势健壮,枝梢萌发力较强,成花能力强,易坐果。果实比沙糖橘大,扁球形,果皮厚2.5 mm,易剥皮,果面橙红色,平滑有光泽,平均单果质量约86 g,少籽。果肉风味浓甜,有香味,化渣性好,可溶性固形物质量分数13.1%~14.2%,可滴定酸质量分数0.24%~0.39%,总糖质量分数10.3%~11.57%,维生素C质量浓度17.3~32.4 mg·100 mL-1。在广东广州、清远和河源12月中旬至翌年年1月上旬成熟,与普通沙糖橘一致。粤橘1号适合我国沙糖橘产区栽培,盛果期产量可达51700 kg·hm-2,比沙糖橘增产约12%。采用SSR分子标记对粤橘1号的遗传鉴定表明,粤橘1号与普通沙糖橘在DNA水平上存在差异,具备成为新品种的遗传基础,是一个稳定变异。
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| 关 键 词： | 柑橘 新品种 粤橘1号 芽变选种 |
Breeding report of a new Shatangju mandarin cultivar Yueju No.1 |
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| YAN Huaxue,ZHOU Birong.Breeding report of a new Shatangju mandarin cultivar Yueju No.1[J].Journal of Fruit Science,2021(4):623-626. |
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| Authors: | YAN Huaxue ZHOU Birong |
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| Institution: | (Institute of Fruit Tree Research,Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of South Subtropical Fruit Biology and Genetic Resource Utilization(MOA)/Guangdong Province Key Laboratary of Tropical and Subtropical Fruit Tree Research,Guangzhou 510640,Guangdong,China) |
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| Abstract: | Yueju No.1 is a new mandarin cultivar selected from the bud mutation of Shatangju(Citrus reticulata Blanco),a cultivar that is now the most important fresh citrus fruits in southern China.The bud variation of the Shatangju mandarin was discovered in a citrus grove located at Shakou town,Yingde city,Guangdong province in 2011.This cultivar was registered in 2017 after several years’selection and DUS testing.This cultivar is vigorous with upright tree shape,a strong flowering and easy fruit set ability.Leaves of Yueju No.1 are significantly larger and darker green than that of control Shatangju cultivar.The leaf shape of this cultivar is nearly oval,approximately 9.1 cm long and 5.3 cm wide,and typically a dark-green color.The petiole is about 1.2 cm long with two small linear winged leaves.Flowers of this cultivar are slightly but noticeably larger than that of control plants,solitary and white.They are complete flower.The calyx is composed of five sepals,light green colored.The stamen length varies somewhat from about equal to the height of the pistil to very slightly higher than the pistil at full extension.The stigma is nearly circular,and the ovary is oblate.The fruit of this mutant is larger than that of control Shatangju.The fruit is oblate in shape,averaging a 0.76 fruit shape index with a smooth orange-red color peel,weighing about 86 g with a pericarp thickness of 2.5 mm;and it is easy peel and few-seed(8.7 seeds on average per fruit).The pulp is orange color and the texture is crisp,melting,and fragrant,the eatable proportion is 66%.The content of soluble solid is 13.1%-14.2%,the content of total sugar is 10.3%-11.57%,the content of titratable acid is 0.24%-0.39%,per 100 mL of fruit juice,containing the ascorbic acid is 17.3-32.4 mg.The SSR molecular markers were employed as a genetic classification approach to discriminate this new cultivar and the control Shatangju cultivar.The results showed that there were differences between two cultivars at the genetic level.There were no significantly difference in disease resistance and cold stress resistance between new cultivar and control.The bud sprouting period,the flowering period and the mature period of the fruit are basically the same as that of Shatangju control.The spring bud sprouting period is early February,the flowering period is early to late March,the mature period of the fruit is from mid December of this year to early January of the following year in Qingyuan city,Heyuan city,and Guangzhou city in Guangdong province.The growing areas that suitable for Shatangju are also suitable for Yueju No.1 cultivar.The yield of Yueju No.1 in fruit-bearing period can reach 51700 kg·hm-2,that is average 12 percent higher than the yield of control Shatangju.Therefore,Yueju No.1 is a stable and new cultivar and yields higher in main growing areas than Shatangju. |
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| Keywords: | Mandarin New cultivar Yueju No 1 Bud mutation |
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