| 种植密度对不同年代玉米子粒物质积累的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 胡树平,王利青,于晓芳,高聚林,马达灵,郭怀怀.种植密度对不同年代玉米子粒物质积累的影响[J].玉米科学,2022,30(2):82-90. |
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| 作者姓名： | 胡树平 王利青 于晓芳 高聚林 马达灵 郭怀怀 |
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| 作者单位： | 内蒙古农业大学职业技术学院, 内蒙古 萨拉齐 014109;内蒙古自治区作物栽培与遗传改良重点实验室, 呼和浩特 010019;内蒙古农业大学农学院, 呼和浩特 010019 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目（31560360）、国家重点研发计划项目（2017YFD0300804）、国家玉米产业技术体系项目（CARS-02-50）、农业农村部华北黄土高原地区作物栽培科学观测实验站项目（25204120） |
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| 摘 要： | 以我国1970～2010年代5个在生产中大面积种植的玉米品种为试验材料，设置4.5万株/hm2和10.5万株/hm2两个种植密度，分析品种更替过程中灌浆特性的演变特征及其对增密的响应情况。结果表明，2010年代品种（DH618）的子粒产量较其余年代品种显著提高10.22%～68.79%（P<0.05），且种植密度越大，产量增加越明显。种植密度增加后，1970～2010年代品种渐增期和快增期灌浆速率均降低，1970、1990、2000年代品种缓增期灌浆速率降低，1980、2010年代品种缓增期灌浆速率增加。2010年代品种渐增期、快增期和缓增期灌浆持续时间较其余年代品种增加了7.68%～51.55%、3.39%～30.22%和3.39%～30.22%，渐增期、快增期和缓增期灌浆速率增加了-16.37%～3.31%、3.65%～14.19%和8.26%～30.18%，百粒重增加了16.99%～34.86%。2010年代品种在高密度种植条件时可有效保障灌浆持续时间并提高缓增期的灌浆速率，缓解百粒重的降低幅度，最终实现了增产。
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| 关 键 词： | 玉米|种植密度|灌浆特性|产量 |
| 收稿时间： | 2021/5/13 0:00:00 |
Effects of Planting Density on Grain Material Accumulation of Maize in Different Eras |
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| HU Shu-ping,WANG Li-qing,YU Xiao-fang,GAO Ju-lin,MA Da-ling,GUO Huai-huai.Effects of Planting Density on Grain Material Accumulation of Maize in Different Eras[J].Journal of Maize Sciences,2022,30(2):82-90. |
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| Authors: | HU Shu-ping WANG Li-qing YU Xiao-fang GAO Ju-lin MA Da-ling GUO Huai-huai |
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| Institution: | Vocational and Technical College, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Salaqi 014109;Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Genetic Improvement in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Hohhot 010019;College of Agriculture, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010019, China |
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| Abstract: | Five maize varieties planted with large area in production from 1970s to 2010s in China were used as test materials, and two planting densities with 45 000 plants/ha and 105 000 plants/ha were set to analyze the evolution characteristics of filling characteristics and their response to denser increase in the process of variety replacement. The results showed that the grain yield of varieties of 2010s(DH618) was significantly increased by 10.22%- 68.79%(P<0.05) compared with varieties of other eras, and the higher the planting density, the more obvious the yield increase. After increasing dense, the duration of grain filling in the gradually increasing, fast and slowly growing stages of the varieties in 2010s(DH618) increased by 7.68%-51.55%, 3.39%-30.22% and 3.39%-30.22% compared with varieties of other eras. The grain filling rate in the gradually, rapidly, and slowly increasing stages increased by -16.37%-3.31%, 3.65%-14.19% and 8.26%-30.18%, and the 100-grain weight increased by 16.99%- 34.86%. The variety of 2010s(DH618) under high density conditions can effectively ensure the grain-filling duration, improve the grain filling rate of the slowly increasing period, alleviate the reduction of 100 grain weight, and finally achieve the cultivation result of increasing yield. |
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| Keywords: | Maize|Planting density|Grain filling characteristic|Yield |
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