| 竹叶提取物对热应激奶牛泌乳性能及血清生化、抗氧化和免疫指标的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 李义,童津津,栗明月,韩思雨,赵璐宇,方洛云,蒋林树.竹叶提取物对热应激奶牛泌乳性能及血清生化、抗氧化和免疫指标的影响[J].动物营养学报,2021,33(2). |
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| 作者姓名： | 李义 童津津 栗明月 韩思雨 赵璐宇 方洛云 蒋林树 |
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| 作者单位： | 北京农学院动物科学技术学院,奶牛营养学北京市重点实验室,北京 102206;北京农学院动物科学技术学院,奶牛营养学北京市重点实验室,北京 102206;北京农学院动物科学技术学院,奶牛营养学北京市重点实验室,北京 102206;北京农学院动物科学技术学院,奶牛营养学北京市重点实验室,北京 102206;北京农学院动物科学技术学院,奶牛营养学北京市重点实验室,北京 102206;北京农学院动物科学技术学院,奶牛营养学北京市重点实验室,北京 102206;北京农学院动物科学技术学院,奶牛营养学北京市重点实验室,北京 102206 |
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| 基金项目： | 北京市农业科技示范推广项目(20200130);国家“十三五”重点研发计划(2016YFD0700201);北京农学院学位与研究生教育改革与发展项目(5076516017/026)。 |
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| 摘 要： | 本试验旨在研究竹叶提取物对热应激奶牛泌乳性能及血清生化、抗氧化和免疫指标的影响。试验于2019年7—8月进行,试验期间日平均温湿度指数为75.87,奶牛处于自然热应激状态。选取24头体重(559.2±37.4)kg]、泌乳天数(185.7±16.9)d]、胎次(3.3±0.3)胎]和产奶量(37.6±0.8)kg/d]相近的荷斯坦奶牛,随机分为2组,每组12头。对照组饲喂全混合日粮(TMR),试验组在TMR基础上添加1.3 g/kg DM的竹叶提取物。预试期14 d,正试期21 d。分别于正试期第1、11、21天测量奶牛呼吸频率、直肠温度并采集血样和奶样,测定泌乳性能及血清生化、抗氧化和免疫指标。结果表明:1)试验组热应激奶牛的呼吸频率极显著低于对照组(P<0.01),直肠温度与对照组相比有降低的趋势(P=0.09)。2)试验组热应激奶牛的产奶量和乳脂率极显著高于对照组(P<0.01),乳中体细胞数与对照组相比有降低的趋势(P=0.09),但干物质采食量、乳蛋白率和乳糖率与对照组无显著差异(P>0.05)。3)试验组热应激奶牛的血清肾上腺素含量极显著高于对照组(P<0.01),血清前列腺素-2含量显著高于对照组(P<0.05),血清游离脂肪酸含量与对照组相比有升高的趋势(P=0.06),但血清糖皮质激素、三碘甲状腺原氨酸、甲状腺素、葡萄糖含量及乳酸脱氢酶活性与对照组无显著差异(P>0.05)。4)试验组热应激奶牛的血清超氧化物歧化酶和谷胱甘肽过氧化氢酶活性极显著高于对照组(P<0.01),血清丙二醛含量极显著低于对照组(P<0.01)。5)试验组热应激奶牛的血清肿瘤坏死因子-α和白细胞介素-2含量极显著高于对照组(P<0.01),血清白细胞介素-1和白细胞介素-1β含量极显著低于对照组(P<0.01),血清免疫球蛋白A含量显著高于对照组(P<0.05),血清免疫球蛋白G含量与对照组相比有升高的趋势(P=0.08),但血清干扰素-γ、白细胞介素-6和免疫球蛋白M含量与对照组无显著差异(P>0.05)。综上所述,饲粮中添加1.3 g/kg DM竹叶提取物降低了热应激奶牛的呼吸频率和直肠温度,提高了泌乳性能,缓解了机体的代谢紊乱,增强了机体的抗氧化能力,改善了机体的免疫功能。
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| 关 键 词： | 竹叶提取物 奶牛 热应激 生化指标 抗氧化指标 免疫指标 |
Effects of Bamboo Leaf Extract on Lactation Performance and Indexes of Biochemical,Antioxidant and Immune in Serum of Dairy Cows during Heat Stress |
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| LI Yi,TONG Jinjin,LI Mingyue,HAN Siyu,ZHAO Luyu,FANG Luoyun,JIANG Linshu.Effects of Bamboo Leaf Extract on Lactation Performance and Indexes of Biochemical,Antioxidant and Immune in Serum of Dairy Cows during Heat Stress[J].Acta Zoonutrimenta Sinica,2021,33(2). |
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| Authors: | LI Yi TONG Jinjin LI Mingyue HAN Siyu ZHAO Luyu FANG Luoyun JIANG Linshu |
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| Institution: | (Beijing Key Laboratory for Dairy Cow Nutrition,Beijing University of Agriculture,Beijing 102206,China) |
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| Abstract: | This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of bamboo leaf extract on lactation performance and indexes of biochemical,antioxidant and immune in serum of dairy cows during heat stress.The experiment was conducted from July to August in 2019,the daily average temperature-humidity index was 75.87 during the experiment,and the dairy cows were in a state of natural heat stress.Twenty-four Holstein cows with similar body weight(559.2±37.4)kg],days of lactation(185.7±16.9)d],parity(3.3±0.3)parities]and milk yield(37.6±0.8)kg/d]were randomly divided into 2 groups with 12 cows per group.Cows in the control group were fed a total mixed ration(TMR),and others in the experimental group were fed the TMR supplemented with 1.3 g/kg DM bamboo leaf extract.The pre-experimental period lasted for 14 days,and the experimental period lasted for 21 days.On days 1,11 and 21 of experimental period,the respiratory rate and rectal temperature were measured,and the milk samples and blood samples were collected to determine the lactation performance and indexes of biochemical,antioxidant and immune in serum.The results showed as follows:1)the respiratory rate of dairy cows during heat stress in the experimental group was significantly lower than that in the control group(P<0.01),and the rectal temperature had a decreasing trend compared with the control group(P=0.09).2)The milk yield and milk fat percentage of dairy cows during heat stress in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.01),the milk somatic cell count had a decreasing trend compared with the control group(P=0.09),but the dry matter intake,milk protein percentage and lactose percentage had no significant differences compared with the control group(P>0.05).3)The serum adrenaline content of dairy cows during heat stress in the experimental group was significantly higher than that in the control group(P<0.01),the serum prostaglandin-2 content was significantly higher than that in the control group(P<0.05),the serum free fatty acid content had a increasing trend compared with the control group(P=0.06),but the contents of glucocorticoid,triiodothyronine,thyroxine,glucose and activity of lactate dehydrogenase in serum had no significant differences compared with the control group(P>0.05).4)The activities of superoxide dismutase and glutathione catalase in serum of dairy cows during heat stress in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.01),and the serum malondialdehyde content was significantly lower than that in the control group(P<0.01).5)The contents of tumor necrosis factor-αand interleukin-2 in serum of dairy cows during heat stress in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.01),the contents of interleukin-1 and interleukin-1βin serum were significantly lower than those in the control group(P<0.01),the serum immunoglobulin A content was significantly higher than that in the control group(P<0.05),the serum immunoglobulin G content had a increasing trend compared with the control group(P=0.08),but the contents of interferon-γ,interleukin-6 and immunoglobulin M in serum had no significant differences compared with the control group(P>0.05).It is concluded that dietary supplemented with 1.3 g/kg DM bamboo leaf extract can reduce the respiratory rate and rectal temperature of dairy cows during heat stress,improve the lactation performance,alleviate the body metabolic disorders and enhance antioxidant capacity and immune function. |
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| Keywords: | bamboo leaf extract dairy cows heat stress biochemical indexes antioxidant indexes immune indexes |
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