Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii infection in domestic sheep and goats in Borno state,Nigeria |
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| Authors: | Kamani Joshua Mani Aliyu U Egwu Godwin O |
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| Institution: | (1) Parasitology Division, National Veterinary Research Institute, PMB 01 Vom, Plateau, Nigeria;(2) Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Maiduguri, PMB 1069 Maiduguri, Borno, Nigeria |
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| Abstract: | Serum samples were collected from 372 sheep and same number of goats from the three geopolitical zones of Borno state, Nigeria.
The samples were tested for the presences of Toxoplasma gondii antibodies by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Of these, 6.7% (25/372) and 4.6% (17/372) of sheep and goats, respectively,
were found to be seropositive to T. gondii antibodies, both far less than the estimated global average of 31%. Results were statistically analyzed by chi-square (χ2) test. The results showed that age, environmental conditions, and farm location are the main determinants of prevalence of
antibodies against T. gondii in the study area. Older animals (>3 years) are significantly more infected than younger animals (between 6 months and 1 year).The
prevalence of anti T. gondii antibodies is significantly higher (P < 0.05) in both sheep and goats sampled from the southern zone than the northern zone. Animals from the southern zones are
about four times more likely to be exposed to T. gondii infection than those in the northern zone, (sheep; odds ratio (OR) = 4.25, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.177–15.36, P = 0.018), (goats; OR = 4.38, 95% CI = 0.925–20.73, P = 0.04). Farm location in urban area was identified as a risk factor for sheep (OR = 6.06, 95% CI = 2.53–14.54, P = 0.000), and goats (OR = 4.99, 95% CI = 1.59–15.62, P = 0.004). Current data on prevalence of ovine and caprine T. gondii in Borno state are provided by the study as well as identifying the main risk factors associated with T. gondii infection in the area. |
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