Genotypic variation in wood density and growth traits of poplar hybrids at four clonal trials |
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| Institution: | 1. Resource Assessment & Utilization Group, Forintek Canada Corp., 319 rue Franquet, Sainte-Foy, Quebec, Canada G1P 4R4;2. Département des sciences du bois et de forêt and Centre de recherche en biologie forestière, Université Laval, Québec, Canada G1K 7P4;1. Laboratory of Systematic Evolution and Biogeography of Woody Plants, School of Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, NO.35 Qinghua Dong Road, Haidian, Beijing 100083, China;2. College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, NO.35 Qinghua Dong Road, Haidian, Beijing 100083, China;3. Museum of Beijing Forestry University, Beijing Forestry University, NO.35 Qinghua Dong Road, Haidian, Beijing 100083, China;1. Department of Silviculture and Forest Tree Genetics, Forest Research Institute, S?kocin Stary, Braci Le?nej Street No 3, Poland;2. Department of Forest Resources Management, Forest Research Institute, S?kocin Stary, Braci Le?nej Street No 3, Poland;3. Laboratory of Technology for Production and Quality Assessment of Biofuels, Faculty of Production and Power Engineering, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Poland;1. Department for Innovation in Biological, Agro-food and Forest Systems, University of Tuscia, Via S. Camillo de Lellis, Viterbo 01100, Italy;2. Institute of Agro-Environmental and Forest Biology, National Research Council, Via Marconi 2, Porano, 05010 Terni, Italy;3. Department of Agriculture, Forests, Nature and Energy, University of Tuscia, Via S. Camillo de Lellis, Viterbo 01100, Italy;4. Interdepartmental Centre for Research and Dissemination of Renewable Energy, Via Cavour 23, 01028 Orte, Italy |
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| Abstract: | Wood density is considered as one of the most important wood properties which affects the properties and value of both fibrous and solid wood products. The present study was intended for evaluating the possibilities of improving wood quality and growth of poplar hybrids. Wood density components of individual growth rings (minimum and maximum wood density, average ring density) and growth traits (tree height, dbh, stem volume) were measured in four 10- and 12-year-old clonal trials of four poplar hybrids, Populus deltoides × P. nigra, P. trichocarpa × P. deltoides, P. maximowiczii × P. balsamifera, and P. balsamifera × P. nigra, as well as P. deltoides. Wood density components of individual growth rings were obtained from microdensitometeric profiles measured with a direct reading X-ray densitometer. Site had a moderately significant effect on wood density and a highly significant effect on tree growth. The hybrid effect was highly significant (P < 0.001) for most traits. Minimum, maximum and weighted wood densities were found to be under strong genetic control, with clonal repeatabilities varying between 0.45 and 0.81. The coefficient of genotypic variation (CVG) for wood density at individual sites ranged from 4.0 to 6.8%, whereas CVG for dry fiber weight (mass) reached 32.8% with repeatabilities of up to 0.67. A small but significant (P = 0.028) hybrid × environment interaction was found for dry fiber weight. The highest ecological sensitivity was found for P. deltoides × P. nigra, with ecovalence reaching 32.3%. Clonal × environment interaction was significant for weighted, average, and minimum wood density. Significant negative genotypic correlations between stem volume and wood density ranged from ?0.39 to ?0.74. One possible strategy in tree breeding would be to maximize wood fiber production through selection for dry fiber weight. |
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