| 病害对三个砂梨品种早期落叶的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 杨倩倩,刘永立,王涛,滕元文.病害对三个砂梨品种早期落叶的影响[J].中国果业信息,2012,41(1). |
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| 作者姓名： | 杨倩倩 刘永立 王涛 滕元文 |
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| 作者单位： | 浙江大学园艺系，农业部园艺植物生长发育与品质调控重点开放实验室,浙江大学园艺系，农业部园艺植物生长发育与品质调控重点开放实验室,浙江省温岭市农业林业局,浙江大学紫金港校区农业与生物技术学院果树所 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家现代农业产业（梨）技术体系建设专项资金（nycytx-29） |
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| 摘 要： | 由于一些侵染性病害的影响，浙江省主要梨产区早期落叶现象严重，严重影响了砂梨产业的发展。通过对浙江省杭州市商业梨园主栽品种的田间调查发现，不同品种对病菌的抵抗能力不同。园黄为黑斑病的易感品种，但对炭疽病的的抗性较强；黄花和翠冠较抗黑斑病，但黄花炭疽病的发病率较高；三个品种的锈病发病率没有显著差异。病菌侵染和落叶时间的相关性分析表明：病菌侵染后翠冠和园黄落叶较黄花早；受黑斑病菌侵染的叶片最易脱落，而梨炭疽病菌和梨锈病菌不易引起落叶，仅在后期形成穿孔。总体上园黄早期落叶现象最为严重。受梨黑斑病菌侵染后，叶片诱导POD活性的增加来抵御病原菌的侵染。
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| 关 键 词： | 梨 黑斑病 早期落叶 酶 |
| 收稿时间： | 2011/6/28 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2011/7/6 0:00:00 |
The influence of pathogen infections on early defoliation of three cultivars of Pyrus pyrifolia Nakai |
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| Abstract: | Early defoliation in main pear growing regions of Zhejiang Province is becoming a serious problem affectiong sand pear industry due to pathogen infections. Main pear cultivars in a commercial orchard in Hnagzhou City were used to investigate relationship between defoliation and leaf diseases. The results showed that the resistence to pathogens were varied among different cultivars.Yuanhuang was easily infected by pear black spot, but resistent to pear anthracnose; Huanghua and Cuiguan were more resistent to pear black spot, but Huanghua was susceptible to pear anthracnose. There was no significant difference among three cultivars in the incidence of pear rust. Correlation analysis between pathogen infection and defoliation time showed that Cuiguan and Yuanhuang were defoliated earlier after infection; Leaves infected by pear black spot were easily defoliated, while pear anthracnose and pear rust did not cause defoliation, only formed a pinked hole in the later period. Generally speaking, early defoliation of Yuanhuang was the most severe. It was also found that POD activities in leaves infected by pear black spot was increased. |
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| Keywords: | pear pear black spot early defoliation enzyme |
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