| 2006年特大干旱条件下森林植被对土壤水分的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 骆宗诗,刘玉初,慕长龙,范成绪,向成华,童伟,李建贤,孟宏伟,包建华,杨朝俊,胥怀清,鄢武先,孙鹏,闵安明,张建明,宋永全,张茂祥,赵顺才,郭小军,周厚兰.2006年特大干旱条件下森林植被对土壤水分的影响[J].四川林业科技,2007,28(4):36-41. |
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| 作者姓名： | 骆宗诗 刘玉初 慕长龙 范成绪 向成华 童伟 李建贤 孟宏伟 包建华 杨朝俊 胥怀清 鄢武先 孙鹏 闵安明 张建明 宋永全 张茂祥 赵顺才 郭小军 周厚兰 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 四川省林业科学研究院,四川,成都,610081
2. 四川省林业厅,四川,成都,610081 |
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| 摘 要： | 2006年四川发生了百年一遇的特大干旱。于旱期结束末,调查了蓬安县境内两座丘陵-石马寨(栎柏混交林)和碉堡梁(人工柏木林)上、中、下坡林地和林带中耕地及坡脚农田的土壤含水量;调查了四川盆地丘陵区内5个县9个乡镇17个小流域有无农田防护林条件下,稻田开裂起始时间和裂缝宽;以及按照自然地理条件相近、森林覆盖率有较大差异的原则,调查了宣汉县和达县5对乡镇(森林覆盖率高的乡镇森林覆盖率为28.26%～46.85%,平均为37.24%,相对应的低的乡镇森林覆盖率为12.75%～26.74%,平均为18.64%)内不同台地的土壤含水量。结果表明,混交林林地的保水能力强于纯林林地,林地的保水能力强于耕地,农田防护林对水稻具有庇护作用,森林覆盖率高的地区土壤保水能力强于森林覆盖率低的地区土壤。在干旱期末坡上、中、下部位的0～40 cm土层中,栎柏混交林林地的含水量比柏木纯林林地高出3%～7%,林地的土壤含水量比林带中的耕地高出0.7%～2.1%;栎柏混交林带中的耕地含水量比柏木纯林带中的耕地高出3%～6%,石马寨的坡脚农田含水量比碉堡梁的高出5%;在干旱期末不同台地0～40 cm土层中,与森林覆盖率低的地区相比,森林覆盖率高的地区水稻田含水量高3%～7%,二台土高4%～8%,三台土高2%～8%;有农田防护林的农田土壤开裂时间比无农田防护林的推迟5 d～20 d,裂口宽平均窄0.1 cm～3.1 cm。
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| 关 键 词： | 干旱 森林 土壤含水量 四川盆地 |
| 文章编号： | 1003-5508（2007）04-0036-06 |
| 修稿时间： | 2007-03-26 |
The Effects of Forests on Soil Water of the Hilly Areas in the Sichuan Basin in the Unusual Drought in 2006 |
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| LUO Zong-shi,LIU Yu-chu,MU Chang-long,FAN Cheng-xu,XIANG Cheng-hua,TONG Wei,LI Jian-xian,MENG Hong-wei,BAO Jian-hua,YANG Chao-jun,XU Huai-qing,YAN Wu-xian,SUN Peng,MIN An-ming,ZHANG Jian-ming,SONG Yong-quan,ZHANG Mao-xiang,ZHAO Shun-cai,GUO Xiao-jun,ZHOU Hou-lan.The Effects of Forests on Soil Water of the Hilly Areas in the Sichuan Basin in the Unusual Drought in 2006[J].Journal of Sichuan Forestry Science and Technology,2007,28(4):36-41. |
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| Authors: | LUO Zong-shi LIU Yu-chu MU Chang-long FAN Cheng-xu XIANG Cheng-hua TONG Wei LI Jian-xian MENG Hong-wei BAO Jian-hua YANG Chao-jun XU Huai-qing YAN Wu-xian SUN Peng MIN An-ming ZHANG Jian-ming SONG Yong-quan ZHANG Mao-xiang ZHAO Shun-cai GUO Xiao-jun ZHOU Hou-lan |
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| Institution: | 1. Sichuan Academy of Forestry, Chengdu 610081 ,Sichuan Province, China; 2. Siehuan Forestry Department, Chengdu 610081, Sichuan Province, China |
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| Abstract: | A centennial drought event happened to Sichuan province in 2006.Shimazhai hill and Diaobaoliang hill located in Pengan County of Sichuan Province were selected as investigated objects,and the forest of the former was mixed Quercus-Cupressus forest and the forest of the latter was Cupressus funebris Plantation.Soil water contents of forest land and cropland within forest belt in the upper,middle and down slopes,and piedmont paddy fields were measured at the end of drought event.Also 17 cacthments,belonging to 9 towns of 5 counties in hilly areas in the Sichuan Basin,were investigated.The starting time of fissuring of the paddy fields in the condition with or without the farmland shelter forest was determined and the width of their fissure was measured.And also soil water contents of mesas among 10 towns were measured,these towns belonging respectively to Xuanhan County and Daxian County of Sichuan province.By the principle of similarity in the physical geography and biggish dissimilarity in the forest coverage,the ten towns were divided into five couples,i.e.two groups,the mean forest coverage in towns with higher forest coverage was 37.24%,ranging from 28.26% to 46.85%,and that in towns with lower forest coverage was 18.64%,ranging from 12.75% to 26.74%.The results showed that the capacity of conserved water on the mixed forest land was stronger than that on pure forest land,and that on the forest land was stronger than that on the cropland,and that in the paddy fields with farmland shelter forest was stronger than that in the paddy without farmland shelter forest,and that in regional soil with higher forest coverage was stronger than that in regional soil with lower forest coverage.As for the water contents in soil depth(0~40 cm) on the upper,middle and down slopes at the end of arid period,the water content in mixed forest land was higher by 3% to 7% than that in pure forest land,and that in pure forest land higher by 0.7% to 2.1% than that in cropland within forest belt,and that in cropland within mixed forest belt higher from 3% to 6% than that in cropland within pure forest belt,and that in piedmont paddy fields of Shimazhai hill higher 5% than that in those paddy fields of Diaobaoliang hill.And for water contents of soil depth(0~40cm) of mesas at the end of arid period,the soil water contents of paddy fields,second-step mesas and third-step mesas in the higher forest-coverage areas were higher by 3%~7%,4%~8%,and 2%~8%,respectively,as compared with lower forest-coverage areas.The paddy fields without farmland shelter forest began to split for 5 to 20 days ahead of those with farmland shelter forest,and the average width of fissure of the former was wider by 0.1 to 3.1 cm than that of the latter. |
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| Keywords: | Drought Forest Soil water content Sichuan Basin |
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