| 基于钢珠驱动的全地埋式喷灌装置研发 |
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| 引用本文： | 张国华,谢崇宝,鲁少华,谢时友.基于钢珠驱动的全地埋式喷灌装置研发[J].农业工程学报,2016,32(12):102-106. |
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| 作者姓名： | 张国华 谢崇宝 鲁少华 谢时友 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 中国灌溉排水发展中心,北京,100054;2. 北京中灌绿源国际咨询有限公司,北京,100054;3. 中灌润茵(北京)节水灌溉设备有限责任公司,北京,101302 |
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| 基金项目： | 水利部公益性行业科研项目"自驱动多功能高效节水灌溉关键设备研发（201301010）",水利部技术示范项目"地埋式自动升降喷灌技术推广（SF- 201621） |
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| 摘 要： | 影响耕作、寻找出水口困难是喷灌技术推广过程中遇到的主要问题,现有园林绿化中经常使用的埋藏式喷头无法直接安装在耕作层以下,不利于耕作和农作物收割。针对上述问题,该文研发了能够直接安装在耕作层以下的地埋式喷灌装置,有利于田间耕作。该装置依靠水压力实现升降功能,非灌溉时可安装在耕作层以下,不妨碍耕作;灌溉时,依靠水压力湿润和挤压喷头顶部及其附近土壤,克服土壤阻力顶出地面,实施旋转喷头工作,无需寻找出水口;灌溉后,喷头能够降回耕作层以下,地面无任何影响植物修剪或农作物收割的设施,喷灌作业前后也不需要安装或拆卸任何设施,大大降低了灌溉劳动强度。此外,使用球体打击驱动功能的旋转机构能够实现边旋转边喷灌功能,提高了装置的抗堵塞性。
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| 关 键 词： | 喷灌系统 喷头 设计 地埋式 旋转功能 钻土功能 |
| 收稿时间： | 2015/1/29 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2016/3/25 0:00:00 |
Development of underground sprinkler irrigation device based on steel ball driving |
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| Zhang Guohu,Xie Chongbao,Lu Shaohua and Xie Shiyou.Development of underground sprinkler irrigation device based on steel ball driving[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2016,32(12):102-106. |
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| Authors: | Zhang Guohu Xie Chongbao Lu Shaohua and Xie Shiyou |
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| Institution: | 1. China Irrigation and Drainage Development Center, Beijing 100054, China,1. China Irrigation and Drainage Development Center, Beijing 100054, China,2. China Green Water International Consulting Co., Ltd, Beijing 100054, China and 3. In irrigation Run Yin of Water-saving Irrigation Equipment Co., Ltd, Beijing 101302, China |
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| Abstract: | Abstract: Sprinkler irrigation is a common method of supplying irrigation water and similar to natural rainfall. Sprinkler irrigation is used to assist the cultivation of agricultural crops, the maintenance of landscapes, and the revegetation of disturbed soils in dry areas during the period with inadequate rainfall. However, existing sprinkler irrigation devices can''t be applied below the soil surface, and they must be equipped with protective devices buried in the soil. Therefore, crop pruning (especially high-frequency crop pruning), plowing and harvesting are significantly affected. In addition, little attention has been given to solve these problems. The objective of this study was to develop a good-performing sprinkler irrigation device situated below the soil surface. The existing sprinkling irrigation device, which consisted of an underground nozzle, a telescopic tube and a water tube, was improved. A thread was used to connect the telescopic tube and the underground nozzle. The water tube guided the water, and was part of the telescopic tube. The water tube could prevent dirt from entering the tube and ensure that the telescopic tube moved up and down smoothly. The telescopic tube was connected to the underground nozzle, and could supply water to the nozzle. The water tube was buried underground and connected with the water pipeline. The telescopic tube could move vertically along the water tube wall and extend to or retract from the ground. The top of the telescopic tube was connected to the underground nozzle. The underground nozzle device included sleeves, inner tube, hollow column, back plate, gear, rotary mechanism, connecting tube, joggle, filter element, elastic element and spray nozzle. The new sprinkling irrigation device was installed below the soil plow layer without a protection device. Therefore, the new sprinkler irrigation device had no effect on plowing. The function of drilling soil was connected with new sprinkling irrigation device, which could move from the soil plow layer to the height of irrigation. When the sprinkler irrigation device moved to the irrigation height, it could irrigate the soil. The rotation mechanism of new sprinkler irrigation device was equipped with a ball that hit and drove, which was a solution for clogged nozzles. After irrigation, the sprinklers could move back below the soil plow layer, allowing crop pruning and harvest. Compared with the existing mobile sprinkler irrigation system, the new device needed less work strength and had higher efficiency. The new device was in line with the national standards in GB/T22999, and suffered no damage under the maximum working pressure. The deviation of coverage diameter was within ±5% under 0.3 MPa. The variation of the sprinkler discharge rate was within ±5%. Rainfall distribution characteristics were in line with the national standards in GB/T19795.1. The new sprinklers underwent extensive quality testing in the laboratory. Moreover, device performance was also tested in the field to ensure uniform water distribution and higher efficiency. |
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| Keywords: | sprinkler system spraying design underground rotation function function of drilling soil |
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