| 高氮密植栽培对湘两优900产量形成及氮利用效率的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 陈健晓,王小娟,屠乃美,王效宁,符策强,唐清杰,李建武,刘爱玉.高氮密植栽培对湘两优900产量形成及氮利用效率的影响[J].核农学报,2019,33(8):1602-1610. |
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| 作者姓名： | 陈健晓 王小娟 屠乃美 王效宁 符策强 唐清杰 李建武 刘爱玉 |
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| 作者单位： | 湖南农业大学农学院,湖南长沙410128;海南省农业科学院粮食作物研究所/海南省农作物遗传育种重点实验室,海南海口571100;海南省农业科学院蔬菜研究所,海南海口,571100;湖南农业大学农学院,湖南长沙,410128;海南省农业科学院粮食作物研究所/海南省农作物遗传育种重点实验室,海南海口,571100;湖南省杂交水稻研究中心,湖南长沙,410125 |
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| 基金项目： | 现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-01-89),海南农业科技示范推广项目(琼农计财[2014]121号),海南省自然科学基金(318QN295) |
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| 摘 要： | 为探明湘两优900在热带稻区的高产性和适应性,在海南三亚进行4个施氮水平(0、150、225、300 kg·hm-2)和2个移栽密度(25.0×104、16.7×104 hills·hm-2)大田栽培试验,研究施氮水平和移栽密度对湘两优900产量形成和氮肥利用率的影响。结果表明,施氮水平和移栽密度对湘两优900产量影响显著,产量随着施氮水平和移栽密度的提高而显著增加,以施氮量300 kg·hm-2与移栽密度16.7×104 hills·hm-2组合的产量最高(15.32 t·hm-2),其增产优势主要表现为有效穗数多,地上部干物重和叶面积指数(LAI)大,叶绿素含量和净光合速率(Pn)高。施氮水平与移栽密度对氮肥吸收利用效率有影响,且施氮水平起显著作用。施氮量为300 kg·hm-2时,氮肥吸收利用率最大(44.5%),增加施氮量能显著提高氮肥利用率,同时也会显著降低氮素吸收效率、氮生理效率、氮肥效率。从产量和氮肥利用效率综合考虑,施氮量300 kg·hm-2与移栽密度25.0×104 hills·hm-2是本试验条件下的最优密肥组合。本研究结果为超级杂交稻在热带稻区(海南)推广应用提供了科学依据。
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| 关 键 词： | 氮肥 密度 产量 氮利用效率 湘两优900 |
| 收稿时间： | 2018-05-31 |
Effects of High Nitrogen Rate Combined With High Plant Density on Yield Formation and Nitrogen Utilization Efficiency of Xiangliangyou900 |
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| CHEN Jianxiao,WANG Xiaojuan,TU Naimei,WANG Xiaoning,FU Ceqiang,TANG Qingjie,LI Jianwu,LIU Aiyu.Effects of High Nitrogen Rate Combined With High Plant Density on Yield Formation and Nitrogen Utilization Efficiency of Xiangliangyou900[J].Acta Agriculturae Nucleatae Sinica,2019,33(8):1602-1610. |
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| Authors: | CHEN Jianxiao WANG Xiaojuan TU Naimei WANG Xiaoning FU Ceqiang TANG Qingjie LI Jianwu LIU Aiyu |
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| Institution: | 1 Agronomy College of Huan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan 410128; 2 Vegetable Research Institute of Hainan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, Hainan 571100; 3 Cereal Crop Research Institute of Hainan Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Hainan Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics Breeding, Haikou, Hainan 571100; 4 China National Hybrid Rice Research and Development Center, Changsha, Hunan 410125 |
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| Abstract: | In order to explore high yield and adaptability of super hybrid rice Xiangliangyou900 in tropical environment in Sanya, Hainan. A field experiments with four levels of nitrogen (N) application rate (0, 150, 225,300 kg·hm-2) and two planting densities (25.0×104, 16.7×104 hills·hm-2) was conducted to study effects of N application rate and plant density on yield components and nitrogen utilization efficiency of super hybrid rice Xiangliangyou900. The results showed that grain yield of super hybrid rice Xiangliangyou900 was significantly affected by N application rate and plant density. Grain yield of super hybrid rice Xiangliangyou900 increases with N application rates and plant density increasing. Its highest grain yield was 15.32 t·hm-2 for the combination of N rate 300 kg·hm-2 and plant density of 25.0×104 hills·hm-2, and the increase advantages of grain yield may be mainly due to the contribution of more panicles per m2, greater total aboveground biomass, larger LAI, and higher chlorophyll content and Pn. N application rate and plant density had effects on nitrogen utilization efficiency, and N application rates play a significant role. The highest of N fertilizer use efficiency was 44.5% in the treatment of N application rate 300 kg·hm-2, but increasing N application rate could significantly increase N fertilizer use efficiency, and also reduce N absorption efficiency, N physiological efficiency and N fertilizer efficiency. Our result suggested that the optimum combination is N application rate of 300 kg·hm-2 and plant density of 25.0×104hills·hm-2 for super hybrid rice Xiangliang900 in consideration of both grain yield and N use efficiency in the test area. The findings provide a scientific basis for super hybrid rice Xiangliangyou900 widely planting in tropical environment (Hainan Province). |
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| Keywords: | nitrogen fertilizer planting density yield nitrogen utilization efficiency Xiangliangyou900 |
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