| 施钙与覆膜栽培对缺钙红壤花生Mg、Fe、Zn吸收,积累及分配的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 王飞,王建国,李林,刘登望,万书波,张昊.施钙与覆膜栽培对缺钙红壤花生Mg、Fe、Zn吸收,积累及分配的影响[J].核农学报,2019,33(11):2261-2270. |
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| 作者姓名： | 王飞 王建国 李林 刘登望 万书波 张昊 |
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| 作者单位： | 湖南农业大学农学院,湖南长沙,410128;湖南农业大学农学院,湖南长沙410128;山东省农业科学院生物技术研究中心,山东济南250100;山东省农业科学院生物技术研究中心,山东济南,250100 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家科技支撑计划项目(2014BAD11B04),国家自然科学基金面上项目(31671634),国家花生产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-14),湖南省研究生科研创新项目(CX2015B230) |
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| 摘 要： | 为探究施钙与覆膜栽培对花生植株Mg、Fe、Zn营养改善状况,以大籽品种湘花2008和南方典型第四纪红土发育的缺钙酸性红壤为试验材料,设置3个基施钙肥梯度不施钙(Ca0)、施钙375 kg·hm-2(Ca375)、施钙750 kg·hm-2(Ca750)]和2种栽培方式露地(OF)、覆膜栽培(PF)],采用土柱栽培,研究施钙与覆膜栽培对植株Mg、Fe、Zn含量,积累及籽仁分配系数的影响。结果表明,增施钙肥明显提高了花生茎秆、根系、果针、籽仁中Mg和Fe含量,其中,Ca750-OF处理较Ca0-OF分别提高19.2%、10.4%、38.6%、3.1%和21.5%、30.9%、27.5%、20.0%,但显著降低了叶、茎秆、果壳及籽仁中Zn含量。覆膜栽培提高了茎秆、果针、籽仁Mg含量及果壳、籽仁Zn含量,较露地栽培分别提高10.8%、12.2%,但降低了花生叶、茎秆、根系Fe和Zn含量。施钙与覆膜栽培增加了花生植株、生殖体(针壳、籽仁)Mg积累量、籽仁Mg分配系数。施钙实现花生整个植株体Fe积累量的富集,其籽仁Fe分配系数显著提高68.8%,而覆膜栽培籽仁Fe和Zn积累量显著高于露地栽培。增施钙肥降低了花生营养体Zn积累量,显著提高了籽仁Zn积累量及籽仁Zn分配系数,提高效果表现为Ca750>Ca375。年份、施钙处理、栽培措施三者间对籽仁积累量及分配系数存在正交互作用。植株Ca积累量与Mg、Fe积累量呈极显著正相关,存在协同吸收关系。综上,施钙与覆膜栽培促进了土壤活化,有利于花生植株中Mg、Fe的吸收,加快Mg、Fe、Zn向籽仁的富集,进一步扩大“库容”。本研究结果为南方酸性缺钙红壤旱地改良及花生高产高效栽培提供了理论依据。
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| 关 键 词： | 花生 钙 镁 铁 锌 |
| 收稿时间： | 2018-05-21 |
Effects of Calcium Application and Plastic Film Mulching Cultivation on Absorption,Accumulation and Distribution of Mg,Fe and Zn of Peanut in Red Soil Under Ca Deficiency |
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| WANG Fei,WANG Jianguo,LI Lin,LIU Dengwang,WAN Shubo,ZHANG Hao.Effects of Calcium Application and Plastic Film Mulching Cultivation on Absorption,Accumulation and Distribution of Mg,Fe and Zn of Peanut in Red Soil Under Ca Deficiency[J].Acta Agriculturae Nucleatae Sinica,2019,33(11):2261-2270. |
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| Authors: | WANG Fei WANG Jianguo LI Lin LIU Dengwang WAN Shubo ZHANG Hao |
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| Institution: | 1 College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan 410128; 2 Biotechnology Research Center, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250100 |
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| Abstract: | In order to explore the nutrition improvement of Mg, Fe and Zn of peanut in red soil of southern China under calcium deficiency by applying calcium and plastic film mulching cultivation, a large seed variety Xianghua 2008 and the typical red soil of southern China under calcium deficiency were used as the test material for the soil column experiment. Three calcium fertilizer gradients and two kinds of cultivation methods (open field and plastic film cultivation) were used in this experiment including no calcium (Ca0), medium calcium fertilizer (Ca375) and high calcium fertilizer (Ca750) open field cultivation(OF)、mulching cultivation] to study effect of application of calcium and plastic film mulching on the contents and accumulation of Mg, Fe, Zn in the plant of peanut and the distribution coefficient of seed. The results showed that the content of Mg and Fe in stems, roots, pegs and kernels of peanut. Among them, Ca750-OF treatment increased by 19.2%、10.4%、38.6%、3.1% and 21.5%、30.9%、27.5%、20.0%, respectively, compared with Ca0-OF;but the content of Zn in leaves, stems, husks and kernels was significantly decreased under calcium application. The content of Mg in stems, pegs and kernels and the content of Zn in the husks and seed kernels by the mulching cultivation were increased 10.8% and 12.2% more than that of open field cultivation respectively, but the content of Fe and Zn in the roots, stems and roots was decreased. Application of calcium and plastic film mulching cultivation increased the accumulation of Mg in the plant, genital (needle, shell and seed kernel) and the partition coefficient of magnesium in kernel. The application of calcium was to achieve whole plant peanut accumulation of Fe and the Fe distribution coefficient of the kernel was increased significantly 68.8%, while the accumulation of Fe and Zn accumulation in kernel under plastic film mulching cultivation was significantly higher than the open field cultivation. The addition of calcium fertilizer reduced the accumulation of Zn in vegetative body of peanut, significantly increased the accumulation of Zn in kernel and Zn distribution coefficient of seed kernel, and the effect followed the order of Ca750> Ca375. There was an orthogonal interaction among year, calcium application and the film mulching cultivation on the accumulation of seed kernels and the distribution coefficient. A significant and positive correlation between the accumulation of Ca and Mg and Fe, and synergistic absorption existed. In summary, the application of calcium and plastic film mulching cultivation promoted soil activation, which was beneficial to the absorption of Mg and Fe in peanut plants, accelerated the enrichment of Mg, Fe and Zn from plant to seed kernels and further expanded the “storage capacity”. This study provides a theoretical basis for the improvement of calcium deficiency and acid-red dry upland and high-yield cultivation of peanut in the south of China. |
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| Keywords: | peanut calcium magnesium iron zinc |
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