| 井塘结合入渗补给地下水的包气带水流模拟 |
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| 引用本文： | 李凡,江思珉,邢旭光,严宝文,降亚楠,孟令尧,栗现文.井塘结合入渗补给地下水的包气带水流模拟[J].干旱地区农业研究,2023(5):59-69. |
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| 作者姓名： | 李凡 江思珉 邢旭光 严宝文 降亚楠 孟令尧 栗现文 |
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| 作者单位： | 西北农林科技大学水利与建筑工程学院，陕西 杨凌 712100；西北农林科技大学旱区农业水土工程教育部重点实验室，陕西 杨凌 712100;同济大学土木工程学院，上海 200092 |
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| 基金项目： | 南京水利科学院水文水资源与水利工程科学国家重点实验室重点基金项目（2019nkzd01）；中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助（Z1090220076） |
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| 摘 要： | 为探究井塘结合模式在含水层补给管理中的应用潜力，利用HYDRUS软件构建了二维轴对称模型。通过对已有文献中实际场地有井无塘模式复现验证了本文建模过程的准确性，并进一步分析比较了不同塘半径下(5、15、25 m和35 m)井塘结合、有井无塘和有塘无井3种模式的补给效果，以及不同包气带质地(砂土、壤质砂土、砂质壤土和壤土)和井深(33、38、43 m)对井塘结合模式入渗和补给效果的影响。模拟结果表明：（1）复现值与文献值吻合较好，决定系数R2均在0.98以上；（2）不同塘半径下井塘结合模式的补给效果均优于其他两种模式，但渗透塘半径为5 m时，井塘结合模式730 d的累计补给量分别为有井无塘和有塘无井模式的1.02倍和36倍，而当渗透塘半径增大到35 m时，井塘结合模式730 d的累计补给量则为有井无塘和有塘无井模式的2.6倍和1.54倍；（3）不同包气带质地下井塘结合模式累计入渗量随入渗时间呈线性增大的趋势，而累计补给量则分别在26.3 d、38.9 d、81.9 d和164.4 d时(湿润锋达到稳定状态)才随时间增加呈线性增大的趋势，随包气带渗透系数Ks的增加，湿润锋首次到达补给区域的时间分别为0.75、1.38、3.63 d和8.63 d；（4）井深每增加5 m，井塘结合模式730 d的累计入渗量分别增加5.5%和5.9%，累计补给量分别增加9.5%和9.8%，湿润锋首次到达补给区域的时间则分别减少31.8%和25.6%。研究结果可为地下水人工补给调蓄工程的优化设计提供参考。
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| 关 键 词： | 含水层补给管理 井塘结合 包气带渗透井 渗透塘 HYDRUS模拟 |
Numerical simulation of vadose zone infiltration to recharge groundwater by the well\|pond combined mode |
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| Abstract: | To explore the potential application of the well\|pond combined model in managing aquifer recharge (MAR), HYDRUS software was used to construct a well\|pond combination with a two\|dimensional axisymmetric model. The accuracy of the modeling process was verified by replicating the effect of texture type on the well\|pond combined model. The recharge effects of the well\|pond combined model (WPC), the well without pond model, and the pond without well model under different pond radius (5, 15, 25 m and 35 m)were further analyzed and compared. The effects of different vadose zone texture (sand, loamy sand, sandyloam, loam) and well depth (33, 38, 43 m) on infiltration and recharge were also compared. The results showed that, (1) The reproduction value was in good agreement with the literature value, and the determination coefficient R2 was above 0.98. (2) The recharge effect of the WPC mode under different pond radius was better than the other two recharge modes. However, when the radius of the infiltration pond was 5 m, the cumulative recharge volume at 730 d for the well\|pond combination was 1.02 and 36 times that of the well without pondand pond without well modes, respectively. When the radius of the infiltration pond was increased to 35 m, the cumulative recharge volume at 730 d for the well\|pond combination was 2.6 and 1.54 times that of the well without pond and the pond without well modes. (3) For the WPC model, the cumulative infiltration volume increased linearly with the increasing of infiltration time. However, the cumulative recharge volume then showed a linear increase with time at 26.3 d, 38.9 d, 81.9 d and 164.4 d (when the wetting front reached asteady state) respectively. The time of first arrival of the wetting fronts to the recharge area with increasing texture Ks of the vadose zone was: 0.75, 1.38, 3.63 d and 8.63 d. (4) For every 5 m increase in well depth, the cumulative infiltration volume at 730 d increased by 5.5% and 5.9%, the cumulative recharge volume increased by 9.5% and 9.8%, and the time for the wetting fronts to reach the recharge area for the first time decreased by 31.8% and 25.6%, respectively. This study can provide reference for the optimization design of MAR engineering. |
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| Keywords: | managed aquifer recharge well\|pond combination model vadose zone infiltration well infiltration basin HYDRUS simulation |
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