Epidemiology of leptospirosis in North-Central Italy: Fifteen years of serological data (2002–2016) |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Bacteriology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, 1-23-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan;2. Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan;3. Vietnam Research Station, Center for Infectious Disease Research in Asia and Africa, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki-shi, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan;4. Department of Virology, National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Hanoi 10000, Viet Nam;5. Hanoi Center for Disease Control, No 70 Nguyen Chi Thanh Street, Dong Da district, Hanoi, Viet Nam;6. Deputy of Director General, National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Hanoi 10000, Viet Nam;7. Department of Bacteriology, National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Hanoi 10000, Viet Nam;1. Department of Animal Health, Centro Veterinario de Diagnóstico e Investigación (CEVEDI), School of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Nicaragua-León, Carretera a la Ceiba 1 Km al Este, León, Nicaragua;2. Department of Animal Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Universidad de Zaragoza, Miguel Servet 177, 50013, Zaragoza, Spain;1. Graduate Program in Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Chapecó, Santa Catarina (SC), Brazil;2. Department of Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Chapecó, Santa Catarina (SC), Brazil;3. Laboratory of Veterinary Bacteriology, Universidade Federal Fluminense (UFF), Niterói, Rio de Janeiro (RJ), Brazil;4. Department of Veterinary Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota (UMN), Saint Paul, Minnesota (MN), USA;5. Department of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade do Oeste de Santa Catarina (UNOESC), Xanxerê, Santa Catarina (SC), Brazil;6. Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, RS, Brazil;7. UNIEDU – FUMDES scholarship, Santa Catarina State (SC), Brazil;1. Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Malaysia;2. Institute of Mathematical Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Malaysia;3. Disease Control Division, Ministry of Health, 62590 Putrajaya, Malaysia;4. Bacterial Special Pathogens Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA;5. Royal Tropical Institute (KIT), Amsterdam, The Netherlands;6. Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, UR 178 Marseille, France;1. Department of Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Chapecó, SC, Brazil;2. Graduate Program in Toxicological Biochemistry, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil;3. Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil;4. Graduate Program of Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Lages, SC, Brazil |
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| Abstract: | Leptospirosis is a re-emerging bacterial zoonosis. North-Central Italy is characterized by a geographic area that promote Leptospira circulation. Data on sero-epidemiological survey carried out from 2002 to 2016 in North-Central Italy were reported and discussed. Overall, 709 out of the 8488 (8.35%) tested sera were positive for Leptospira at the cut-off titer (1:100) and 218 (2.57%) at higher titer (≥1:400). The highest percentages of positivity was recorded for coypus (22.86%), swine (19.74%) and bovine (13.03%). Pomona and Australis resulted the serogroup more often detected, followed by Sejroe and Icterohaemorrhagiae; while, a low number of positive sera was detected for serogroups Ballum, Canicola and Tarassovi. Percentage of positive sera for each year slightly decreased from 2002 to 2008 and rose from 2009. High percentages of positive reactions were recorded in 2014 (17.23%), 2015 (19.61%) and 2016 (38.05%). In conclusion, the results of this investigation reported an increase of leptospirosis in North-Central Italy. Furthermore, several animals resulted infected as accidental hosts by unusual Leptospira serovars. These data could suggest a change in host range for some serovars, that may promote the adaptation to new hosts. |
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| Keywords: | Epidemiology Seroprevalence Surveillance Zoonosis |
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