Dry matter,harvest index,grain yield and water use efficiency as affected by water supply in winter wheat |
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| Authors: | Xiying Zhang Suying Chen Hongyong Sun Dong Pei Yanmei Wang |
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| Institution: | (1) The Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, 286 Huaizhong Road, Shijiazhuang, 050021, China |
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| Abstract: | Food production and water use are closely linked processes and, as competition for water intensifies, water must be used more
efficiently in food production worldwide. A field experiment with wither wheat (Triticum Aestivum L.), involving six irrigation treatments (from rain-fed to 5 irrigation applications), was maintained in the North China
Plain (NCP) for 6 years. The results revealed that dry matter production, grain yield and water use efficiency (WUE) were
each curvilinearly related to evapotranspiration (ET). Maximum dry matter at maturity was achieved by irrigating to 94% and
maximum grain yield to 84% of seasonal full ET. A positive relationship was found between harvest index (HI) and dry matter
mobilization efficiency (DMME) during grain filling. Moderate water deficit during grain filling increased mobilization of
assimilate stored in vegetative tissues to grains, resulting in greater grain yield and WUE. Generally, high WUE corresponded
with low ET, being highest at about half potential ET. At this location in NCP, highest WUE and grain yield was obtained at
seasonal water consumption in the range 250–420 mm. For that, with average seasonal rainfall of 132 mm, irrigation requirements
was in the range of 120–300 mm and due to the deep root system of winter wheat and high water-holding capacity of the soil
profile, soil moisture depletion of 100–150 mm constituted the greater part of the ET under limited water supply. The results
reveal that WUE was maximized when around 35% ET was obtained from soil moisture depletion. For that, seasonal irrigation
was around 60–140 mm in an average season. |
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