| 长期不同施肥下小麦离子吸收对土壤酸化贡献能力的比较 |
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| 引用本文： | 宋文峰,王 超,陈荣府,文石林,王伯仁,沈仁芳.长期不同施肥下小麦离子吸收对土壤酸化贡献能力的比较[J].土壤,2017,49(1):7-12. |
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| 作者姓名： | 宋文峰 王 超 陈荣府 文石林 王伯仁 沈仁芳 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室(中国科学院南京土壤研究所),南京 210008;中国科学院大学,北京 100049;2. 土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室(中国科学院南京土壤研究所),南京,210008;3. 中国农业科学院衡阳红壤实验站,祁阳农田生态系统国家野外试验站,湖南祁阳 426182 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家重点基础研究发展计划973计划项目(2014CB441000)和中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(XDB15030300)资助。*通讯作者(rfshen@issas.ac.cn) |
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| 摘 要： | 农业生产中长期不合理施肥导致土壤严重酸化,除了硝化作用和硝酸盐淋溶,作物对阳离子吸收是另一个重要的土壤酸度来源。本研究基于湖南祁阳红壤实验站农田25年长期定位试验研究了长期不同施肥下小麦阴阳离子吸收对土壤酸化贡献能力的变化。结果表明:长期施用化学氮肥显著降低土壤pH,影响小麦生物量,而施用有机肥可缓解土壤酸化,提高小麦生物量;单位面积土壤中小麦吸收阴阳离子对酸化的潜在贡献能力,即小麦产生的总质子量的大小顺序为:有机肥处理(M)氮磷钾配施有机肥处理(NPKM)磷钾肥处理(PK)氮磷钾肥处理(NPK)不施肥处理(CK)氮磷肥处理(NP)氮钾肥处理(NK)。相关性分析显示,小麦产生的总质子量与土壤pH、有效磷含量和地上部总生物量均呈显著正相关,而土壤pH和有效磷含量均与小麦地上部生物量呈显著正相关。因此,长期施肥的农田土壤中,随着酸化程度的加深,作物通过阴阳离子吸收对土壤酸化的贡献能力减弱,主要原因在于低土壤pH和有效磷含量限制了作物的生长,降低了作物的生物量。
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| 关 键 词： | 土壤酸化 长期施肥 植物酸化能力 离子吸收 |
| 收稿时间： | 2016/2/24 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2016/3/30 0:00:00 |
Comparison of Contribution of Wheat Ionic Uptake to Soil Acidification Under Long-term Different Fertilization |
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| SONG Wenfeng,WANG Chao,CHEN Rongfu,WEN Shilin,WANG Boren and SHEN Renfang.Comparison of Contribution of Wheat Ionic Uptake to Soil Acidification Under Long-term Different Fertilization[J].Soils,2017,49(1):7-12. |
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| Authors: | SONG Wenfeng WANG Chao CHEN Rongfu WEN Shilin WANG Boren and SHEN Renfang |
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| Institution: | State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture,Institute of Soil Science,Chinese Academy of Sciences,State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture,Institute of Soil Science,Chinese Academy of Sciences,State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture,Institute of Soil Science,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Red Soil Experimental Station,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science,National Observation and Research Station of Farmland Ecosystem in Qiyang,Red Soil Experimental Station,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science,National Observation and Research Station of Farmland Ecosystem in Qiyang,State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture,Institute of Soil Science,Chinese Academy of Sciences |
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| Abstract: | The long-term unreasonable fertilization seriously leads to soil acidification in agricultural production. In addition to nitrification and nitrate leaching, the uptake of cations by plants is also an important source of soil acidity. In this study, the effects of long-term different fertilization on the absorption of anion and cation in wheat were studied in the long-term location experiment field of the red soil experimental station in Qiyang, Hunan province, which has a history of 25 years. The results showed that long-term application of chemical nitrogen fertilizer significantly reduced soil pH value and affected the biomass of wheat. On the contrary, organic fertilizer can alleviate the acidification process of soil and increase the biomass of wheat. The order of the total amount of protons produced by wheat in the unit soil area which is considered as potential acidification ability of plant is M>NPKM>PK>NPK>CK>NP>NK. Correlation analysis showed a significant positive correlation between total amount of protons and total biomass of Wheat. In addition, soil pH and available phosphorus content were the main factors affecting wheat shoot biomass. Therefore, in the long-term fertilization of farmland soil, the contribution of crops to soil acidification decreased along with the acidification process. And the main reason is that the soil pH and effective phosphorus reduction limits the crop biomass. |
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| Keywords: | soil acidification long-term fertilization acidification ability ion uptake |
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