| 环境DNA技术与传统捕捞揭示崇明岛内河鱼类多样性 |
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| 引用本文： | 凌岚馨,范共,胡云,黄俊满,李晨虹.环境DNA技术与传统捕捞揭示崇明岛内河鱼类多样性[J].上海海洋大学学报,2022,31(6):1434-1444. |
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| 作者姓名： | 凌岚馨 范共 胡云 黄俊满 李晨虹 |
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| 作者单位： | 上海海洋大学 环境DNA技术与水生态健康评估工程中心;上海海洋大学 海洋动物系统分类与进化上海高校重点实验室,上海海洋大学 环境DNA技术与水生态健康评估工程中心;上海海洋大学 海洋动物系统分类与进化上海高校重点实验室,上海海洋大学 环境DNA技术与水生态健康评估工程中心;上海海洋大学 海洋动物系统分类与进化上海高校重点实验室,上海海洋大学 环境DNA技术与水生态健康评估工程中心;上海海洋大学 海洋动物系统分类与进化上海高校重点实验室,上海海洋大学 环境DNA技术与水生态健康评估工程中心;上海海洋大学 海洋动物系统分类与进化上海高校重点实验室 |
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| 基金项目： | 上海市科学技术委员会部分地方院校能力建设(19050501900) |
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| 摘 要： | 近年来,长江生物多样性保护特别是鱼类的保护愈发受到重视。崇明岛位于长江入海口,是世界最大的河口冲积岛,也是上海市重要的生态屏障,发展定位为世界级生态岛。崇明岛河网密布,鱼类资源众多,而违规捕捞现象屡禁不止,严重影响崇明岛鱼类资源。鱼类多样性是水生态环境保护的一个重要指标,因此,评估崇明岛内鱼类资源、揭示鱼类多样性对崇明生态岛建设具有重要作用。本研究首次结合环境DNA技术与传统捕捞手段探究崇明岛内河鱼类多样性。于2020年6月至2021年5月,在崇明岛内河设置了24个采样位点,每个季度进行了1次采样调查。共检出13个目级阶元的78种鱼类,其中鲤形目最多,约占44%。基于捕获鱼类样本计算的全年Shannon-Wiener多样性指数为2.08,基于环境DNA数据计算的全年Shannon-Wiener多样性指数值为2.96,表明崇明岛具有较丰富的鱼类多样性。两种方法计检测出共同的优势种为鳊 Parabramis pekinensis、似鳊 Pseudobrama simoni,、麦穗鱼 Pseudorasbora parva、子陵吻虾虎鱼 Rhinogobius giurinus、大鳍鱊 Acheilognathus macropterus,表明崇明岛内河鱼类群落结构由淡水鱼类主导。主坐标分析和PERMANOVA检验结果显示东-西部群落鱼类组成存在差异(R2=0.1012,P=0.0276)。研究结果亦表明环境DNA技术可以作为传统鱼类资源调查的一个重要辅助手段。本研究为崇明岛内河鱼类资源现存状况、合理利用及保护提供了基础资料。
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| 关 键 词： | 环境DNA 崇明岛 生态调查 生物多样性 |
| 收稿时间： | 2022/3/28 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2022/7/2 0:00:00 |
Integrating environmental DNA technology and traditional fish survey to reveal the diversity of fishes in the rivers on the Chongming Island |
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| LING Lanxin,FAN Gong,HU Yun,HUANG Junman,LI Chenhong.Integrating environmental DNA technology and traditional fish survey to reveal the diversity of fishes in the rivers on the Chongming Island[J].Journal of Shanghai Ocean University,2022,31(6):1434-1444. |
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| Authors: | LING Lanxin FAN Gong HU Yun HUANG Junman LI Chenhong |
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| Institution: | Engineering Research Center of Environmental DNA and Ecological Water Health Assessment,Shanghai Ocean University;Shanghai Universities Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Taxonomy and Evolution,Shanghai Ocean University,Engineering Research Center of Environmental DNA and Ecological Water Health Assessment,Shanghai Ocean University;Shanghai Universities Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Taxonomy and Evolution,Shanghai Ocean University,Engineering Research Center of Environmental DNA and Ecological Water Health Assessment,Shanghai Ocean University;Shanghai Universities Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Taxonomy and Evolution,Shanghai Ocean University,Engineering Research Center of Environmental DNA and Ecological Water Health Assessment,Shanghai Ocean University;Shanghai Universities Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Taxonomy and Evolution,Shanghai Ocean University,Engineering Research Center of Environmental DNA and Ecological Water Health Assessment,Shanghai Ocean University;Shanghai Universities Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Taxonomy and Evolution,Shanghai Ocean University |
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| Abstract: | The Chongming Island is located at the estuary of the Yangtze River. There are dense rivers and abundant fish resources on the Chongming Island, however, illegal fishing continues despite prohibitions, seriously affecting the level of the fish resources. Besides, fish diversity is an important indicator for aquatic ecology conservation. For evaluating and revealing fish resources and diversity in Chongming Island in Shanghai and reveal fish diversity, a quarterly survey was conducted in 24 sampling sites in the rivers of the Chongming Island from June 2020 to May 2021 which integrated environmental DNA technology and traditional fishing method. In this survey, a total of 78 fish species were detected, covering 13 orders and the Cypriniformes was the dominant species, accounting for 44% of total species found. The annual Shannon-Wiener diversity index calculated based on fish samples was 2.08, and the annual Shannon-Wiener diversity index calculated based on environmental DNA data was 2.96 respectively, indicating that the Chongming Island is rich in fish diversity. The common dominant species identified by the two methods were Parabramis pekinensis, Pseudobrama simoni, Pseudorasbora parva, Rhinogobius giurinus and Acheilognathus macropterus, indicating that the fish community structure in the rivers of Chongming Island is dominated by freshwater fish. The Principal Coordinate Analysis and the PERMANOVA test indicated that there are differences in fish composition between the community of East and West community (R2=0.101 2,P=0.027 6). We suggest that environmental DNA technology should be used as an important supplementary means for the investigation of fish resources and diversity. This study reported the existing status of fish resources and diversity of Chongming Island and provided basic data for rational utilization and conservation of the fish resources on the Chongming Island. |
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| Keywords: | environmental DNA Chongming Island ecological survey biodiversity |
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