| 紫茎泽兰叶片提取物对4种杂草种子萌发及幼苗生长的抑制效应 |
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| 引用本文： | 李颖,张丽娜,杨文秀,马金虎,杨小环.紫茎泽兰叶片提取物对4种杂草种子萌发及幼苗生长的抑制效应[J].核农学报,2021,35(5):1209-1220. |
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| 作者姓名： | 李颖 张丽娜 杨文秀 马金虎 杨小环 |
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| 作者单位： | 山西农业大学农学院,山西太谷 030801;烟台爱华双语学校,山东烟台 265500;云南农业大学热带作物学院,云南普洱 665000;山西农业大学工学院,山西太谷 030801 |
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| 基金项目： | 山西省重点研发计划项目(201803D221011-5) |
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| 摘 要： | 为研究紫茎泽兰叶片提取物对杂草生长发育的抑制效应及作用机制,用纸卷发芽和盆栽试验等方法,研究了不同浓度梯度(200、400、600、800、1 000 mg·L-1)的紫茎泽兰叶片提取物,对鬼针草、马齿苋、猪毛菜和鹅绒藤4种田间杂草种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响。发芽试验结果表明,杂草种子的萌发指标随提取物浓度增加而降低,当提取物浓度为600 mg·L-1时,其发芽势、发芽率、发芽指数、活力指数均显著低于空白对照。盆栽试验结果表明,提取物对供试杂草幼苗根长和鲜重的抑制率均呈现鹅绒藤>猪毛菜>马齿苋>鬼针草的趋势。提取物处理诱导了杂草体内超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性升高,并提升抗坏血酸(AsA)、谷胱甘肽(GSH)和脯氨酸含量,同时,丙二醛(MDA)、超氧阴离子($O_2^{-}$)含量也明显升高。提取物对杂草的氧化胁迫作用,是导致种子萌发指标降低和幼苗生长受抑的内在机制。本研究结果为紫茎泽兰叶片提取物在农田杂草的防控应用提供了一定理论依据。
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| 关 键 词： | 紫茎泽兰叶片提取物 杂草 种子萌发 幼苗生长 氧化胁迫 |
| 收稿时间： | 2020-03-02 |
The Inhibitory Effect of Leaf Extract of Eupatorium adenophorum Spreng. on Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of Four Species of Weeds |
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| LI Ying,ZHANG Lina,YANG Wenxiu,MA Jinhu,YANG Xiaohuan.The Inhibitory Effect of Leaf Extract of Eupatorium adenophorum Spreng. on Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of Four Species of Weeds[J].Acta Agriculturae Nucleatae Sinica,2021,35(5):1209-1220. |
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| Authors: | LI Ying ZHANG Lina YANG Wenxiu MA Jinhu YANG Xiaohuan |
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| Institution: | 1College of Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801;2Yantai Aihua Bilingual School, Yantai, Shandong 265500;3Faculty of Tropical Crops, Yunnan Agricultural University, Puer, Yunnan 665000;4College of Engineering, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801 |
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| Abstract: | In order to study the inhibitory effect and mechanism of Eupatorium adenophorum leaf extract on weed growth and development, four species of common weeds in fields, Bidens pilosa L., Portulaca oleracea L., Salsola collina Pall., and Cynanchum chinense R.Br., were selected as experimental materials. The paper roller-sprouting method and pot culture method were used to study the effects of different concentrations of leaf extracts (200, 400, 600, 800, 1 000 mg·L-1) from E. adenophorum on seed germination and seedling growth of four weed species. The germination test showed that the germination index of weed seeds decreased with the increase of the E. adenophorum leaf extract concentration, when the concentration was 600 mg·L-1, compared with the control, seed germination potential, germination rate, germination index and vigor index in E. adenophorum leaf extracts-treated weeds were significantly decreased. The pot culture test showed that, the inhibition rate of the extracts on root length and fresh weight of the tested weed seedlings both followed the order of C. chinense >S. collina >P. oleracea >B. pilosa. Further study suggested that E. adenophorum leaf extracts-treated induced the antioxidant enzyme activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD) and catalase (CAT) increased, and the contents of ascorbic acid (AsA), glutathione (GSH) and osmotic adjustment substances-proline were improved. Meanwhile, the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide anion free radical ($O_2^{-}$) also were increased. Taken together, these findings indicate that the oxidative stress of E. adenophorum extracts on weeds is the internal mechanism that leads to the decrease of seed germination index and inhibition of seedling growth. This finding provides a theoretical basis for the application of E. adenophorum leaf extract in farmland weed control. |
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| Keywords: | Eupatorium adenophorum Spreng leaf extract weed seed germination seedling growth oxidative stress |
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