| 化肥减量条件下不同有机肥用量对油菜养分利用和产量的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 熊廷浩,资涛,张嫒,胡宇倩,彭芝,宋海星.化肥减量条件下不同有机肥用量对油菜养分利用和产量的影响[J].作物杂志,2021,37(3):133-617. |
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| 作者姓名： | 熊廷浩 资涛 张嫒 胡宇倩 彭芝 宋海星 |
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| 作者单位： | 1湖南农业大学资源环境学院,410128,湖南长沙2湖南生物机电职业技术学院,410127,湖南长沙3岳阳市农业科学研究院,414000,湖南岳阳 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家重点研发计划(2018YFD0200900) |
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| 摘 要： | 以油菜品种湘油420为供试材料,采用田间试验,研究了化肥减量25%条件下,配施不同用量（1125~4500kg/hm2）有机肥对油菜产量、干物质积累以及养分积累的影响,以常规施肥,即化肥不减量且不施有机肥为对照。结果表明,化肥减量25%配施有机肥可显著提高单株角果数、植株干物质和养分积累量,从而提高油菜产量,且随着有机肥用量的增加而增加,而经济效益仅在有机肥用量较低时（1125kg/hm2）有所增加。化肥减量25%配施有机肥处理比常规施肥（FFP）处理增产25.2%~78.5%,比化肥减量25%未配施有机肥（F75%）处理增产43.9%~105.1%;根据有机肥用量与产量之间的回归方程,化肥减量25%时仅配施675kg/hm2有机肥可弥补因化肥减量带来的产量损失。与FFP和F75%处理相比,化肥减量25%配施有机肥处理均显著增加油菜干物质和氮磷钾积累量。化肥减量25%配施1125kg/hm2有机肥处理的经济效益最高,为5789元/hm2,比FFP处理增加74元/hm2,比F75%处理增加519元/hm2。综上可得,有机无机肥配施可促进养分积累和油菜生长,提高菜籽产量,通过配施有机肥可实现化肥减量25%的目标,且本区域有机肥配施的适宜用量为1125kg/hm2。
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| 关 键 词： | 油菜 化肥减量 有机肥 适宜用量 |
| 收稿时间： | 2020-12-23 |
Effects of Different Organic Fertilizer Dosages on Nutrient Utilization and Yield of Rapeseed under Chemical Fertilizer Reduction |
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| Xiong Tinghao,Zi Tao,Zhang Ai,Hu Yuqian,Peng Zhi,Song Haixing.Effects of Different Organic Fertilizer Dosages on Nutrient Utilization and Yield of Rapeseed under Chemical Fertilizer Reduction[J].Crops,2021,37(3):133-617. |
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| Authors: | Xiong Tinghao Zi Tao Zhang Ai Hu Yuqian Peng Zhi Song Haixing |
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| Institution: | 1School of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, Hunan, China2Hunan Biological and Electromechanical Polytechnic, Changsha 410127, Hunan, China3Yueyang Agricultural Sciences Institute, Yueyang 414000, Hunan, China |
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| Abstract: | A field experiment was carried out to investigate the effects of the application of organic fertilizer (1125-4500kg/ha) on yield, dry matter accumulation, and nutrient accumulation of rapeseed (Xiangyou 420) under the condition of 25% reduction in chemical fertilizer, and the conventinal fertilization (without chemical fertilizer reduction and organic fertilizer) was the control. The results showed that organic fertilizer application significantly increased the accumulation of dry matter and nutrient accumulation, and the number of pods per plant, leading to higher rapeseed yield with more application of organic fertilizer under the condition of 25% chemical fertilizer reduction. However, the economic benefit only increased with the low application level of organic fertilizer (1125kg/ha). Compared with conventional fertilization (FFP) and 25% reduction of chemical fertilizer without organic fertilizer (F75%), organic fertilizer application increased the rapeseed yield by 25.2%-78.5% and 43.9%-105.1%, respectively. According to the regression equation between the amount of organic fertilizer and yield, 675kg/ha organic fertilizer application could compensate for the yield loss caused by the 25% reduction of chemical fertilizer. Compared with FFP and F75% treatments, 25% reduction of chemical fertilizer combined with organic fertilizer significantly increased dry matter, N, P and K accumulation in rapeseed. The highest economic benefit was 5789yuan/ha, which was 74yuan/ha higher than FFP treatment and 519yuan/ha higher than F75% treatment. In conclusion, the combined application of organic and inorganic fertilizers promoted nutrients accumulation and the rapeseed growth as well as rapeseed yield. The target of 25% reduction of chemical fertilizer could be achieved through the combined application of organic fertilizer, and the appropriate amount of organic fertilizer in Hunan province is about 1125kg/ha. |
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| Keywords: | Rapeseed Fertilizer reduction Organic fertilizer Suitable dosage |
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