| 土壤调理剂配施菌剂对连作压砂田土壤养分及西瓜生长、产量的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 李停锋,李雯,郭君钰,顾欣.土壤调理剂配施菌剂对连作压砂田土壤养分及西瓜生长、产量的影响[J].核农学报,2021,35(8):1923-1930. |
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| 作者姓名： | 李停锋 李雯 郭君钰 顾欣 |
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| 作者单位： | 宁夏大学农学院,宁夏 银川 750021 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目(41761054),宁夏重点研发计划项目(2018BBF02019、2018BBF02004),宁夏自治区科技惠民项目(2019CMG03013) |
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| 摘 要： | 为解决宁夏连作压砂西瓜田土壤养分和植株生长性能、产量下降的问题,本试验在当地常规施肥基础上,以西瓜荣耀品种为试验材料,设置常规施肥(CK)、常规施肥+菌剂(T1)、常规施肥+200 kg·hm-2 土壤调理剂+菌剂(T2)、常规施肥+300 kg·hm-2土壤调理剂+菌剂(T3)、常规施肥+400 kg·hm-2 土壤调理剂+菌剂(T4)5个处理,研究了土壤调理剂配施菌剂对土壤养分及压砂西瓜蔓长、茎粗、根系活力、产量的影响。结果表明,与CK相比,单施菌剂处理可以促进压砂西瓜生长,提高产量,但是对压砂田土壤养分无显著提高作用;而土壤调理剂配施菌剂处理均能显著提高土壤养分,增强根系活力,促进压砂西瓜生长,表明二者配施具有复合作用。其中与CK相比,T3的土壤pH值降低0.21;碱解氮、速效磷、全氮、有机质、速效钾含量分别显著提高29.31%、69.02%、54.72%、53.89%、36.56%;成熟期蔓长、茎粗、根系活力分别显著提高13.52%、23.42%、43.44%;其产量为45 173.70 kg·hm-2,提高30.56%。Person双变量相关分析表明,土壤养分含量与西瓜生长、产量具有极显著相关性。T3、T4、T2、T1的净收益分别较CK增加6 709.20、5 043.40、4 914.95、1 489.80 元·hm-2;通过内梅罗指数方法计算得出土壤综合肥力指数从大到小分别为T3、T4、T2、T1、CK。综合比较各处理的产量、经济效益、土壤综合肥力指数,常规施肥+土壤调理剂300 kg·hm-2+菌剂为最佳处理。本研究结果对当地连作压砂西瓜田土壤肥力的提升、作物产量和经济效益的稳定具有重要的现实意义。
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| 关 键 词： | 土壤调理剂 菌剂 土壤养分 生长 产量 |
| 收稿时间： | 2020-07-03 |
Effects of Soil Conditioners Combined With Microbial Agent on Soil Nutrient and Citrullus lanatus Growth and Yield in Continuous Cropping Gravel Mulch Field |
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| LI Tingfeng,LI Wen,GUO Junyu,GU Xin.Effects of Soil Conditioners Combined With Microbial Agent on Soil Nutrient and Citrullus lanatus Growth and Yield in Continuous Cropping Gravel Mulch Field[J].Acta Agriculturae Nucleatae Sinica,2021,35(8):1923-1930. |
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| Authors: | LI Tingfeng LI Wen GUO Junyu GU Xin |
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| Institution: | School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750021 |
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| Abstract: | In order to solve the problems of soil nutrient, watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) growth index and yield decline in the continuous cropping gravel mulch field in Ningxia, “Glory” was used as the test material and five treatments were set up with conventional fertilization (CK), conventional fertilization + microbial agent (T1), conventional fertilization + 200 kg·hm-2 soil conditioner + microbial agent (T2), conventional fertilization + 300 kg·hm-2 soil conditioner + microbial agent (T3), conventional fertilization + 400 kg·hm-2 soil conditioner + microbial agent (T4). Based on the local conventional fertilization, soil nutrients, main vine length, stem diameter, root activity and yield of C. lanatus were studied. The results showed that the single application of microbial agent could promote the growth and yield of C. lanatus and had no significant effect on soil nutrients compared with CK. Soil conditioner combined with microbial agent could significantly improve soil nutrient, enhance root activity and promote the growth of C. lanatus, which indicated that these treatments had additive effect. Compared with CK, the pH value decreased by 0.21; alkali-decomposed nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium contents of T3 increased by 29.31%, 69.02%, 54.72%, 53.89% and 36.56% respectively; the main vine length, stem diameter and root activity at maturity of T3 were significantly increased by 13.52%, 23.42% and 43.44% respectively; the yield was 45 173.70 kg·hm-2, increased by 30.56%. Person bivariate correlation analysis showed that soil nutrient content had significant correlation with C. lanatus growth and yield. The net income of T3, T4, T2 and T1 increased by 6 709.20, 5 043.40, 4 914.95 and 1 489.80 yuan·hm-2, respectively, compared with CK. The soil integrated fertility index abided by the order of T3>T4>T2>T1>CK with Nemero index method. T3 (conventional fertilization + 300 kg·hm-2 soil conditioner + bacterial agent) was the best for increasing C. lanatus yield, improving quality and soil and the conclusion has important practical significance for improving soil fertility, stabilizing crop yield and economic benefits in continuous cropping C. lanatus field. |
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| Keywords: | soil conditioner microbial agent soil nutrient growth yield |
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