| 种植翻压紫云英配施化肥对稻田土壤理化性状和水稻产量的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 聂良鹏,郭利伟,郑春风,吕玉虎,张梦,李本银,潘兹亮,李杰.种植翻压紫云英配施化肥对稻田土壤理化性状和水稻产量的影响[J].中国农学通报,2021,37(27):65-69. |
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| 作者姓名： | 聂良鹏 郭利伟 郑春风 吕玉虎 张梦 李本银 潘兹亮 李杰 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.信阳市农业科学院,河南信阳 464000;2.河南省农业科学院植物营养与资源环境研究所,郑州 450002 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家重点研发计划资助“北方水稻化肥农药减施增效技术集成研究与示范”(2018YFD0200200);国家绿肥产业技术体系“信阳综合试验站”(CARS-22) |
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| 摘 要： | 为探讨稻田在翻压等量紫云英作绿肥的情况下化肥减量施用对土壤可持续生产能力的影响,依托长期种植紫云英定位试验,以不施肥(CK)为对照,研究化肥(100%F)、紫云英配施100%、80%、60%和40%化肥(MV+100%F、MV+80%F、MV+60%F、MV+40%F)对水稻收获期土壤容重、土壤总孔隙度、土壤毛管孔隙度、土壤养分、水稻产量及产量性状的影响。结果表明：与对照不施肥相比,紫云英配施减量化肥能显著降低土壤容重,提高土壤总孔隙度;紫云英配施化肥可显著提高土壤毛管孔隙度。翻压紫云英可以替代20%~40%氮肥;与单施化肥(100%F)和紫云英配施化肥(MV+100%F)相比,紫云英配施减量20%~60%化肥可显著降低土壤有效磷含量;与对照不施肥相比,紫云英配施化肥可显著降低土壤速效钾含量,降幅为5.5%~17.8%,并可显著提高土壤有机质含量,增幅为15.0%~26.0%。单施化肥(100%F)、紫云英配施100%、80%、60%和40%化肥水稻产量较对照不施肥提高30.0%~39.6%,以紫云英配施80%化肥水稻产量最高。紫云英配施减量20%~40%化肥水稻产量较配施化肥100%增加2.7%~7.1%。分析产量主要构成发现,紫云英配施化肥主要是通过增加有效穗来提高产量。综合考虑土壤理化性状、水稻产量等水稻可持续发展因素,豫南稻区紫云英翻压量22500 kg/hm2时,化肥减施20%~40%均可在此地推广,以化肥减施20%为最优。
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| 关 键 词： | 紫云英 土壤容重 土壤孔隙度 土壤养分 水稻产量 |
| 收稿时间： | 2020-12-08 |
Planting and Incorporation of Chinese Milk Vetch Coupled with Chemical Fertilizer Application: Effects on the Physical and Chemical Characters of Paddy Soil and Rice Yield |
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| Nie Liangpeng,Guo Liwei,Zheng Chunfeng,Lv Yuhu,Zhang Meng,Li Benyin,Pan Ziliang,Li Jie.Planting and Incorporation of Chinese Milk Vetch Coupled with Chemical Fertilizer Application: Effects on the Physical and Chemical Characters of Paddy Soil and Rice Yield[J].Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin,2021,37(27):65-69. |
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| Authors: | Nie Liangpeng Guo Liwei Zheng Chunfeng Lv Yuhu Zhang Meng Li Benyin Pan Ziliang Li Jie |
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| Institution: | 1.Xinyang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xinyang Henan 464000;2.Institute of Plant Nutrition Agricultural Resource and Environmental Science, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002 |
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| Abstract: | Based on a 10-year field experiment on planting and incorporation of Chinese milk vetch coupled with the application of chemical fertilizer in Xinyang, Henan, six treatments (no fertilizer, 100% fertilizer, Chinese milk vetch with 100%, 80%, 60%, 40% chemical fertilizer) were set up. Soil bulk density, soil porosity, soil nutrients, rice yield and yield traits were studied. The results showed that compared with CK, the same amount of planting and incorporation of Chinese milk vetch and fertilizer reduction could significantly reduce soil bulk density and improve soil total porosity. The total porosity of soil could be significantly improved by applying chemical fertilizer and planting and incorporation of Chinese milk vetch. It could replace 20%-40% nitrogenous fertilizer by planting and incorporation of Chinese milk vetch. Compared with the single fertilizer application (100%F) and the combined fertilizer application with Chinese milk vetch (MV+100%F), planting and incorporation of Chinese milk vetch and fertilizer reduction 20%-60% could significantly reduce the available P content of the soil. Compared with CK, the content of available K in soil was significantly reduced by 5.5%-17.8% and the content of soil organic matter could be significantly increased by 15.0%-26.0%. Compared with CK, fertilization treatment could increase the yield by 30.0%-39.6%. The yield of rice was the highest by planting and incorporation of Chinese milk vetch and fertilizer reduction 20%. Compared with 100%F, the yield of rice increased by 2.7% to 7.1% under Chinese milk vetch with 80%, 60% chemical fertilizer. The main way to increase the yield is to increase the effective spike. Considering soil physical and chemical properties, rice yield and other factors of sustainable development of rice, the planting and incorporation of Chinese milk vetch in southern Henan rice area is 22500 kg/hm2, the fertilizer reduction of 20%-40% could be promoted, and the best fertilizer reduction is 20%. |
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| Keywords: | Chinese milk vetch soil bulk density soil porosity soil nutrients rice yield |
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