| 水稻早衰快腐突变体ad1衰老特性的研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 何丹,姜鸿瑞,叶亚峰,杨阳,任艳,陶亮之,吴跃进,刘斌美.水稻早衰快腐突变体ad1衰老特性的研究[J].核农学报,2021,35(4):769-779. |
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| 作者姓名： | 何丹 姜鸿瑞 叶亚峰 杨阳 任艳 陶亮之 吴跃进 刘斌美 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院,安徽合肥 230031;安徽大学物质科学与信息技术研究院,安徽合肥 230031;中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院,安徽合肥 230031 |
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| 基金项目： | 安徽省科技重大专项(18030701205),国家自然科学基金(31701330、31601828),中国科学院科技服务网络计划(KFJ-STS-ZDTP-054) |
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| 摘 要： | 本研究前期利用重离子诱变水稻品种科辐粳7号获得受环境响应的水稻早衰快腐突变体ad1(automatic degradation 1)植株,为研究该突变体衰老腐解的发生机制,对其进行生物学特性及遗传分析。结果表明,突变体ad1在抽穗期时遇到高温茎叶会快速腐解,引起整个植株坍塌。衰老发生时,突变体ad1净光合速率、气孔导度和蒸腾速率极显著低于野生型(WT),胞间CO2浓度极显著高于WT。突变体ad1总叶绿素含量及类胡萝卜素含量低于WT。石蜡切片观察发现突变体ad1叶肉细胞受损,排列松散,气孔结构受损;茎秆表皮变薄,厚壁组织细胞排列松散、细胞变少。透射电镜观察发现突变体ad1叶绿体结构异常,淀粉颗粒明显增多,类囊体排列紊乱,片层结构模糊,基粒垛叠松散。组织化学染色表明ad1突变体中死细胞、过氧化氢以及超氧阴离子含量比WT高。与WT相比,突变体ad1叶片中总超氧化物岐化酶(T-SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、总抗氧化力活力(T-AOC)及丙二醛(MDA)含量显著升高,可溶性蛋白(SP)含量显著降低。遗传分析表明ad1突变表型受一对隐性核基因控制。本研究结果为进一步研究突变体ad1基因定位和基因功能奠定了一定的理论基础。
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| 关 键 词： | 水稻 高温 早衰 自发腐解 秸秆还田 |
| 收稿时间： | 2019-12-13 |
Analysis of the Mechanism of Early Senescence Degeneration in Rice Mutant ad1 |
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| HE Dan,JIANG Hongrui,YE Yafeng,YANG Yang,REN Yan,TAO Liangzhi,WU Yuejin,LIU Binmei.Analysis of the Mechanism of Early Senescence Degeneration in Rice Mutant ad1[J].Acta Agriculturae Nucleatae Sinica,2021,35(4):769-779. |
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| Authors: | HE Dan JIANG Hongrui YE Yafeng YANG Yang REN Yan TAO Liangzhi WU Yuejin LIU Binmei |
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| Institution: | 1Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui 230031; 2Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230031 |
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| Abstract: | A rice mutant ad1 (automatic degradation 1) charaterized as early senescence degeneration was obtained by heavy ion implantation on rice variety ‘Kefujing 7’. In order to study the decay mechanisms of this mutant, biological characteristics and genetic analyses were conducted. The results showed that the mutant ad1 exhibited rapid decomposition characteristics in stems and leaves; when encountered high temperature during heading stage-which, which then led to the collapse of whole plant. When senescence occurred, the net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, and transpiration rate in mutant ad1 were lower than those in the wild type_(WT), while the intercellular CO2concentration was higher than that in the WT. The total chlorophyll content and carotene content in the mutant ad1 were lower than those in the WT. Observations with paraffin section showed that the structure of mesophyll cells in mutant ad1 was fuzzy and loose arranged. The stem epidermis became thinner, the thick-walled tissue cells were loosely arranged, and the cells became fewer. Chloroplast of ad1 showed ultrastructure revealed abnormal chloroplast structure, marked increases in starch granules, disordered arrangement of thylakoids, fuzzy sheet structure, and loose base stacks. Histochemical staining experiments showed that the content of dead cells, hydrogen peroxide, and superoxide anion in the ad1 mutant increased significantly. Compared with WT, the contents of total superoxide dismutase(T-SOD), catalase(CAT), total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) and malondialdehyde (MDA) in the leaves of mutant ad1 significantly increased, and the soluble protein(SP) content significantly decreased. Genetic analysis showed that the ad1 mutated phenotype is controlled by a pair of recessive nuclear genes. The results in this study laid a certain theoretical basis for further gene mapping and study of gene function in mutant ad1. |
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| Keywords: | rice high temperature premature senescence spontaneous decomposition returning straw to the field |
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