| 春黄瓜强优势早熟杂交组合亲本系的特征及早期产量预测 |
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| 引用本文： | 齐永涛,崔鸿文.春黄瓜强优势早熟杂交组合亲本系的特征及早期产量预测[J].华北农学报,1991,6(4):60-68. |
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| 作者姓名： | 齐永涛 崔鸿文 |
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| 作者单位： | 北京蔬菜研究中心 北京100081
(齐永涛)，西北农业大学园艺系 杨陵712100(崔鸿文) |
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| 摘 要： | 杂交组合是否具有强早熟杂种优势,在很大程度上取决于双亲的结构特征.亲本越晚熟,F_1越易产生早熟超均优势,随着亲本熟性逐渐提早,F_1早熟超均优势削弱,超过某一极限则导致负向优势.但早熟超标优势与其亲本早期产量呈极显著正相关.与双亲差值呈负相关.此外,次级性状也存在类似现象,客观上存在优势转折的极限.总之.强早熟优势组合亲本系应具有如下特征:①早期产量高,采瓜数多;②早期主蔓雌花数多;③早期主蔓座果率高;④瓜条发育速度快;⑤无效分枝少;⑥早期叶面积小;⑦在营养生长正常的基础上初花期叶片数少;⑧开花期早;⑨第一雌花节位低.亲本系与F_1显著的相关为预测F_1早熟性奠定了基础.采用多元回归法,由13个性状的双亲均值预测F_1早期产量,多元决定系数高达98.34%,具有很高的准确性.多元逐步回归将参与预测的自变量减少到6个性状,多元决定系数达80.01%.
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| 关 键 词： | 黄瓜 早熟 杂种优势 亲本 预测 |
The Characteristics of Parental Line of Cucumber Hybrid Combination with Strong Early Maturity Heterosis and the Forecast of F_1 Early Fruit Yield |
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| Qi Yongtao.The Characteristics of Parental Line of Cucumber Hybrid Combination with Strong Early Maturity Heterosis and the Forecast of F_1 Early Fruit Yield[J].Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica,1991,6(4):60-68. |
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| Authors: | Qi Yongtao |
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| Abstract: | Early maturity heterosis of F1 hybrid mainly depends upon the component characteristics of the parental lines. The later the parental maturity is, the higher the significance will be for the F1 positive superiority. The earlier the parenatl maturity is. the weaker the positive superiority will become. When beyong the critical value, it will lead to the negative superiority. There is a significant correlation between F1 early yield superiority to ck and parental eaily yield, and there is also a negative correlation between F1 superiority and difference values of the parental pair. There are similar phenomina for other sub-component traits.The parental lines of a single hybrid with strong early maturity heterosis should be characterized by: ( 1 ) High early yield of fruits and more fruits harvested. (2) More early female flowers and high fruit set on the main stem. (3) Fast fruit growth. (4) Less branches, especially less non-effective early branches. ( 5 ) less early leaf area. ( 6 ) Less leaves at the first flowering stage on the basis of normal plant growth. ( 7 ) Early anthesis. ( 8 ) Lower node height for the first female flower.Early fruit yield could be predicted from the mean values of yield-component traits of the parental pair by multiple regression analysis. The multiple correlation coefficient was R = 0.9916, while the stepwise regression coefficient was R = 0.8945. |
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| Keywords: | Cucumber Early maturity heterosis Parental characteristics Forecast |
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