| 坡耕地土壤有机碳再分布特征及其迁移累积平衡 |
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| 引用本文： | 方华军,杨学明,张晓平,梁爱珍.坡耕地土壤有机碳再分布特征及其迁移累积平衡[J].核农学报,2005,19(3):202-207. |
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| 作者姓名： | 方华军 杨学明 张晓平 梁爱珍 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所,吉林,长春,130012;中国科学院研究生院,北京,100039;Greenhouse & Processing Crops Research Centre, Agriculture & Agri-Food Canada, Harrow, Ontario, Canada N0R 1G0;中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所,吉林,长春,130012 |
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| 基金项目： | 中国科学院国外杰出人才支持项目(K09Z3)、国家自然科学基金项目(40271108和40471125) |
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| 摘 要： | 利用137Cs和飞灰示踪技术,研究坡耕地黑土近50年和近100年来土壤再分布过程,计算坡耕地土壤有机碳(SOC)迁移和累积平衡。结果表明:利用SOC的深度分布特征鉴定坡脚和坡足原始埋藏土壤的表面分别位于地表下70和80cm,其埋藏层的SOC含量分别比与其接壤的上覆土层SOC含量高5.2和0.4gkg。坡顶、坡肩和坡背均遭受侵蚀,年平均侵蚀的土壤厚度为0.2、5.0和2.2mmyr。坡脚和坡足部位飞灰到达的深度分别为70和80cm,与埋藏层表面相吻合。坡脚飞灰出现于埋藏A层之中,表明沉积区在蒸汽机车开始使用前已被开垦为农田(或已有侵蚀和堆积发生)。根据137Cs和飞灰分布深度构建了不同年代的坡型,结果表明侵蚀部位剥蚀的土壤多堆积在坡脚和坡足,且搬运的土壤物质先累积于坡脚,随着景观坡度变缓,土壤累积逐渐向坡足过渡。研究区(1m宽)坡顶、坡肩和坡背近百年来由于土壤侵蚀共失去683kgSOC,其中60%(418kgSOC)沉积在坡脚和坡足等低洼部位,其中有257kgSOC是近50年累积的。
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| 关 键 词： | 137Cs 飞灰 土壤有机碳 坡耕地 东北黑土 |
| 文章编号： | 1000-8551(2005)03-202-06 |
| 收稿时间： | 2009-12-31 |
| 修稿时间： | 2004年7月17日 |
SOIL ORGANIC CARBON REDISTRIBUTION AND BUDGET OF EROSION AND DEPOSITION IN A SLOPING FIELD |
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| FANG Hua-jun,YANG Xue-ming,ZHANG Xiao-ping,LIANG Ai-zhen.SOIL ORGANIC CARBON REDISTRIBUTION AND BUDGET OF EROSION AND DEPOSITION IN A SLOPING FIELD[J].Acta Agriculturae Nucleatae Sinica,2005,19(3):202-207. |
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| Authors: | FANG Hua-jun YANG Xue-ming ZHANG Xiao-ping LIANG Ai-zhen |
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| Institution: | FANG Hua-jun~ |
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| Abstract: | A sloping field of black soil in northeast China was selected to conduct soil redistribution for the past nearly 50 and 100 years, and to calculate the carbon budget by using ~(137)Cs and fly ash tracer techniques. The results showed that the depth of original buried layer in foot-slope and toe-slope located at 70 and 80cm respectively, and the content of SOC was 5.23 and 0.43g/kg more than those of overlying soil. Summit, shoulder-slope and back-slope suffered erosion with the rate of 0.2,5and 2.2 mm/yr, respectively based on distribution of ( ~(137)Cs) and fly ash with soil depth. The depths of fly ash attainment in foot-slope and toe-slope were 70 and 80 cm respectively, and were well consistence with their buried surface horizon, which indicated the depositional areas had been annually plowed before locomotives used. Most of the eroded soil materials in depositional areas were from shoulder-slope and back-slope, accumulated in foot-slope firstly, then transferred to toe-slope gradually according to soil surface of various years. The loss of SOC in summit, shoulder-slope and back-slope was 683 kg in all in the past nearly 100 years, among which 418 kg (about 60%) was accumulated in foot-slope and toe-slope depressions, 257 kg of soil carbon was accumulated in most recent 50 years. |
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| Keywords: | Cesium-137 fly ash soil organic carbon sloping field black soil northeast China |
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