| 基于DEM-MBD的油茶林分层切抛式开沟刀组研制 |
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| 引用本文： | 曾熠,蒋啸虎,吴明亮,赵智豪,唐乐为,黎鹏程.基于DEM-MBD的油茶林分层切抛式开沟刀组研制[J].农业工程学报,2024,40(8):30-42. |
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| 作者姓名： | 曾熠 蒋啸虎 吴明亮 赵智豪 唐乐为 黎鹏程 |
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| 作者单位： | 湖南农业大学机电工程学院，长沙 410128;特色油料作物（油茶）全程机械化科研基地，长沙 410128）;湖南农业大学机电工程学院，长沙 410128;湖南省现代农业装备工程技术研究中心，长沙 410128;特色油料作物（油茶）全程机械化科研基地，长沙 410128） |
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| 基金项目： | 国家重点研发计划项目（2022YFD2300103）；湖南省自然科学基金青年基金项目（2022JJ40168） |
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| 摘 要： | 针对油茶种植林地土壤粘重板结环境下因刀片剧烈冲击导致开沟效果不理想、功率消耗较大和机具振动的问题，该研究设计了一种油茶林分层切抛式开沟刀组。根据油茶开沟施肥的农艺要求，分析土壤与切土刀片间的相互作用、建立土壤颗粒在抛土刀面上的动力学微分方程，得到影响刀组切抛性能的关键因素为偏心系数、最大工作半径r1处滑切角、安装角和刀轴转速。通过EDEM-RecurDyn耦合仿真，以作业功耗与沟深稳定性系数为评价指标进行单因素及二次正交旋转组合试验，基于NSGA-Ⅲ算法对构建的二阶多项式响应面模型进行循环逼近优化，确定最优参数组合为：偏心系数1.3、最大工作半径r1处滑切角64.7°、安装角55.1°、刀轴转速301 r/min，与对照组单一外层切土刀和正装抛土刀的组合方式相比，最优参数组合下分层切抛式开沟刀组的扭矩波动降低率为21.53%。田间试验结果表明，最优参数刀组下仿真与田间试验的作业功耗、沟深稳定性系数相对误差分别为10.25%和4.55%，验证了耦合仿真模型的准确性；田间试验的作业功耗与沟深稳定性系数分别为25.96 kW和88.31%，比功耗和现有的果园开沟刀组相比降低了8.31%，沟深稳定性系数满足国家相关标准的技术要求，研究结果可为油茶林开沟刀组的设计和优化提供理论支撑与参考。
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| 关 键 词： | 农业机械 仿真 DEM-MBD耦合 油茶林 开沟刀组 分层切抛 |
| 收稿时间： | 2023/11/21 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2024/3/18 0:00:00 |
Development of the layered cut and throw ditching blade groups for oil tea forest based on DEM-MBD |
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| ZENG Yi,JIANG Xiaohu,WU Mingliang,ZHAO Zhihao,TANG Lewei,LI Pengcheng.Development of the layered cut and throw ditching blade groups for oil tea forest based on DEM-MBD[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2024,40(8):30-42. |
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| Authors: | ZENG Yi JIANG Xiaohu WU Mingliang ZHAO Zhihao TANG Lewei LI Pengcheng |
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| Institution: | College of Engineering, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China;Scientific Research Base for the Complete Mechanization of Specialty Oil Crops (Oil-Tea), Changsha 410128, China;College of Engineering, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China;Hunan Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Modern Agricultural Equipment, Changsha 410128, China;Scientific Research Base for the Complete Mechanization of Specialty Oil Crops (Oil-Tea), Changsha 410128, China |
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| Abstract: | Blade groups have been limited to the violent vibration of the machine in the sticky and heavy consolidated soil of the oil tea plantation forest. In this study, the blade groups were designed with layered cutting and throwing ditching in the oil tea forest, in order to obtain better ditching with low power consumption. The control group was then set as the single outer cutter and a positively mounted throw blade. The interaction between soil and cutting blade was analyzed under the ditching environment and fertilization agronomic requirements of oil tea forests with the sticky and heavy consolidated soil. The kinetic differential equations were established for the relative slip of soil particles along the surface of the throwing blade. The motion behavior of soil particles was then determined using the kinetic analysis. The eccentricity coefficient was obtained as the key influencing factor on the performance of cutting and throwing in the blade group. The sliding angle was optimized at the maximum working radius r1, setting angle, and the blade axis rotational speed. The single factor and quadratic orthogonal rotational tests were carried out with the power consumption and stability coefficient of ditch depth as the evaluation indexes. EDEM-RecurDyn simulation was coupled to clarify the influence of the eccentricity coefficient, the sliding angle at the maximum working radius r1, the setting angle, and the blade axis rotational speed on each index. A second-order polynomial response surface model (RSM) was then constructed for the power consumption and stability coefficient of ditch depth. The cyclic approximation was also optimized using the NSGA-III. The optimal combination of parameters was determined: eccentricity coefficient of 1.3, the sliding angle at r1 of 64.7°, setting angle of 55.1°, and blade axis rotational speed of 301 r/min. The torque fluctuation tests were conducted with/without layered cutting and throwing. The torque fluctuation was reduced by 21.53 % for the blade groups with the layered cut and throw ditching, compared with the control group. A systematic investigation was made on the soil disturbance by the optimal parameter blade group during a single-layered cutting and throwing of the soil. The continuously alternate layered operation of layered cutting and throwing ditching blade group was used to break up and disturb the consolidated soil. The relative errors of power consumption and stability coefficient of ditch depth between simulation and field test were 10.25 % and 4.55 %, respectively, under the optimal parameter blade group. The mechanical properties of the simulated soil model were basically consistent with the actual suitable for the movement of soil particles. The accuracy of the coupled model was verified in the power consumption, where the simulated values were less than the measured in the field test. The residual roots and gravel were attributed to the variation in the actual furrowing environment. The power consumption and stability coefficient of ditch depth were 25.96 kW and 88.31 %, respectively, for the field tests. The specific power consumption of the layered cutting and throwing ditching blade group was reduced by 8.31% (0.298 kW·h/m3) for the optimal combination of parameters. The stability coefficient of ditch depth fully met the technical requirements of national standards. The finding can provide theoretical support and reference for the design and optimization of ditching blade groups in oil tea forests. |
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| Keywords: | agricultural machinery simulation DEM-MBD coupling oil tea forest ditching blade group layered cut and throw |
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