| 策勒绿洲地下水和地表覆被时空变化的研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 高宇婷,于洋,孙凌霄,范留飞,于瑞德.策勒绿洲地下水和地表覆被时空变化的研究[J].干旱地区农业研究,2020,38(6):200-208. |
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| 作者姓名： | 高宇婷 于洋 孙凌霄 范留飞 于瑞德 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所/荒漠与绿洲生态国家重点实验室，新疆 乌鲁木齐 830011；新疆策勒荒漠草地生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站，新疆 策勒 848300；中国科学院大学，北京 100049;中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所/荒漠与绿洲生态国家重点实验室，新疆 乌鲁木齐 830011;中国科学院大学，北京 100049;中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所/荒漠与绿洲生态国家重点实验室，新疆 乌鲁木齐 830011;中国科学院大学，北京 100049；烟台大学环境与材料工程学院，山东 烟台 264005 |
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| 基金项目： | 新疆维吾尔自治区高层次人才引进工程（Y942171）；中国科学院“西部青年学者”B类（2018-XBQNXZ-B-017）；中国科学院百人计划C类（Y931201） |
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| 摘 要： | 策勒绿洲是新疆典型的荒漠绿洲区，地下水是维持该绿洲及过渡带植被生长的关键因素，以绿洲灌区为主体，以2008—2015年地下水时空变化为主线，采用遥感、GS+地统计学、优化K-means聚类和空间信息叠加等方法分析绿洲地下水和地表覆被的变化特征。结果表明：（1）绿洲地下水埋深变幅最大是11号井，为9.66 m；变幅最小是25号井，为0.1 m；地下水埋深存在明显的空间自相关，相关距离为11.852 km；绿洲东北部地下水埋深明显下降，下降区域面积为184.85 km2，占绿洲面积的72%；（2）对绿洲地下水埋深进行优化K-means聚类分区，结果分为4个子区，其中第一、第二聚类中心的地下水埋深均呈现下降趋势；（3）2000—2015年绿洲土地覆盖类型发生较大转变，林地面积显著性减少了26.02 km2，草地面积增加了11.15 km2，农田向东北部明显扩增；（4）绿洲不同地表覆被类型的地下水埋深从深到浅依次为：农田>林地>草地。
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| 关 键 词： | 地下水埋深 地表覆被 时空变化 K-means聚类 叠加分析 荒漠绿洲 |
Spatio\|temporal variability of groundwater and land coverage in Qira oasis |
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| GAO Yuting,YU Yang,SUN Lingxiao,FAN Liufei,YU Ruide.Spatio\|temporal variability of groundwater and land coverage in Qira oasis[J].Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas,2020,38(6):200-208. |
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| Authors: | GAO Yuting YU Yang SUN Lingxiao FAN Liufei YU Ruide |
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| Institution: | State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830011, China; Cele National Station of Observation and Research for Desert\|Grassland Ecosystems, Qira, Xinjiang 848300, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830011, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830011, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; School of Environmental and Material Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong 264005, China |
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| Abstract: | Qira oasis is a typical desert oasis in Xinjiang and groundwater is the key factor to maintain vegetation growth in the oasis and transition zone. In this paper, oasis irrigation area as the main body and spatio\|temporal variations of groundwater from 2008 to 2015 were taken as the main line, remote sensing, GS+ geostatistics, optimization K-means clustering and spatial overlay analysis were used to analyze the variations characteristics of groundwater and land coverage in oasis. The results indicated that: (1) The maximum variation of groundwater depth in oasis was well 11 (9.66 m). The minimum amplitude of variation was well 25 (0.1 m). The groundwater depth had obvious spatial auto\|correlation, and the space\|related distance was 11.852 km. The groundwater depth in the northeast of the oasis decreased significantly, the area of the descending area was 184.85 km2, accounting for 72% of the oasis area. (2) Through the K-means clustering on the groundwater depth of oasis, it was divided into four sub\|areas, among which the groundwater depth of the first and second clustering center all decreases. (3) From 2000 to 2015, the land cover type of oasis changed greatly, woodland area decreased significantly by 26.02 km2, while the grassland area increased by 11.15 km2, farmland expanded significantly in the northeastern area. (4) The groundwater burial depth of different land coverage types in oasis was: farmland > woodland > grassland. |
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| Keywords: | groundwater depth land coverage spatio\|temporal variability K-means clustering overlay analysis desert oasis |
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