| 2017年与2014年西安极端高温天气及其环流特征对比分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 李博,陈婷,王楠,华灯鑫,王乾.2017年与2014年西安极端高温天气及其环流特征对比分析[J].干旱区研究,2019,36(3):645-656. |
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| 作者姓名： | 李博 陈婷 王楠 华灯鑫 王乾 |
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| 作者单位： | 西安理工大学机械与精密仪器工程学院,陕西西安710048;中国气象科学研究院灾害天气国家重点实验室,北京100081;西安理工大学机械与精密仪器工程学院,陕西西安,710048;陕西省气象台,陕西西安,710016 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目（41627807）；陕西省自然科学基础研究计划项目（2014JQ5176）；中国气象科学研究院灾害天气国家重点实验室基金项目（2013LASW-B05）资助 |
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| 摘 要： | 借助观测资料与FNL全球分析资料，对比研究2017年与2014年西安高温天气基本特征与有利环流形势，结果表明：① 2 a西安均发生了40 ℃以上的长时间持续高温天气，其中2014年属于常规高温年份，而2017年西安高温则提前1个月发生，高温的提前发生主要是因为南亚高压强于正常年份同期强度；② 不同于我国南方地区的闷湿高温，西安高温属于干性高温，且昼夜温差较小，由此造成24 h对人体的不适；③ 详细描述了西安高温发生的典型环流特征，即南亚高压与西太平洋副热带高压（简称副高）同时增强，并在对流层中高层相互贯通；④
南亚高压是影响我国西北地区的主要热源基地，在较大经向度的有利环流背景下，强风速可将热气团向南向东深度输送至下游地区（即西安）；⑤ 在“上辐合、下辐散”的散度场配置下，西安500 hPa以下高空维持明显的下沉气流，加之有利的局部要素相配合，最终造成该地区高温天气的发生。
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| 关 键 词： | 极端高温 环流特征 南亚高压 西太平洋副热带高压 西安 |
| 收稿时间： | 2018-08-16 |
Extremely High Temperature and Circulation Features
in Xi'an in 2017 and 2014 |
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| LI Bo,CHEN Ting,WANG Nan,HUA Deng-xin,WANG Qian.Extremely High Temperature and Circulation Features
in Xi'an in 2017 and 2014[J].Arid Zone Research,2019,36(3):645-656. |
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| Authors: | LI Bo CHEN Ting WANG Nan HUA Deng-xin WANG Qian |
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| Abstract: | A comparative study
on the basic features and causes of high temperature in Xi’an during the period
from 2017 to 2014 was carried out based
on the observed and analyzed data from the meteorological stations and the
National Center for Environmental Prediction. The main results were as follows: ① High temperature occurred with a conventional
modal in Xi’an in 2014. However, high temperature occurred one month in advance
(unconventional) in 2017, and this was mainly because that the South Asia High
(SH) was stronger than that in the same period in conventional years; ② It was dry high temperature in Xi’an and
different from the muggy high temperature in south China. Moreover, the diurnal-nocturnal
temperature variation was low; ③ The typical circulation features related to the
high temperature in Xi’an were described in detail, including mainly the simultaneously
enhanced SH and Western Pacific Subtropical High (WH); ④ SH was an important heat source affecting
northwest China according to this study. Under the favorable conditions of
deeply meridional circulation, heat air was transported southeastward to the
downstream region (e.g. Xi’an) by strong wind; ⑤ With the configuration of up-convergence and
down-divergence, sinking airflow was clearly found under the 500 hPa level, and
other meteorological factors were also favorable for the occurrence of high
temperature in Xi’an. |
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